A questionnaire survey was circulated via Internet-based sanitation forums to assess prevailing expert opinion about the appropriateness of low-cost sewerage for African cities. The questionnaire explored opinions about low-cost solids-free sewerage (settled sewerage), low-cost solidstransporting sewerage (simplified sewerage, condominial sewerage), and conventional solidstransporting sewerage....

The undesired sulfur cycle derived by microbial population can ultimately causes the serious problems of sewerage systems. However, the microbial community characters under dynamic environment factors in actual sewerage system is still not enough. This current study aimed to character the distributions and compositions of microbial communities that participate in the sulfur cycle under the dyna...

A study on a pilot plant accomplishing synchronous municipal sewerage-sludge stabilization was conducted at a municipal sewerage treatment plant. Stabilization of sewerage and sludge is achieved in three-step process: anaerobic reactor, roughing filter and a microbial-earthworm-ecofilter. The integrated ecofilter utilizes an artificial ecosystem to degrade and stabilize the sewerage and sludge....

millions of dollars are being spent worldwide on the repair and maintenance of sewer networks and wastewater treatment plants every year. the production and emission of hydrogen sulfide has been identified as a major cause of corrosion and odor problems in sewer networks. prediction of hydrogen sulfide production in the sewer system helps the engineers and manager to obtain a proper strategy fo...

Contamination of urban groundwater by sewage leakage from damaged sewers is an increasing matter of public and regulatory concern. It is estimated that in Germany several 100 million m waste water leaks every year from partly damaged sewerage systems into soil and groundwater. In many cities damaged sewerage systems are the main sources for groundwater contamination with sulphate, chloride and ...

This paper undertakes the economic and financial valuation of the EAPP, a pilot project aimed at transferring the condominial water and sewerage system from Brazil to Bolivia and testing its applicability in the context of private sector participation in service provision. Since its inception in 1998, the EAPP has provided condominial water connections to 1,977 households in eight neighborhoods...

Conventional wastewater collection systems are installed to remove human wastes from households in cities and urban areas. This system demands high water supply rates as the wastes are flushed through pipes using water that flows under gravity. This system is capital extensive, and has been found to be not suitable in urban areas with smaller population sizes. Also, for the same reason, not sui...

A sensor is equivalent to the human sense of sight and hearing. Various types of sensors are used in sewerage facilities to measure water flow, water pressure, water level and water quality. These sensors are expected to be improved upon in the future, with advanced precision and easier maintenance. On the other hand, new principles of instrumentation have been put to practical use, and the dev...

A recent survey has suggested that up to 25 OOO km of UK sewerage networks may be affected by inpipe sediment deposits. Field evidence indicates that, typically, up to 90% of the pollution load discharged from storm sewage overflows may be derived from the erosion of accumulated in-system sediment, commonly referred to as silt. A sewer flow quality simulation model is being developed under the ...

INTRODUCTION With about 7 million residents and a high population growth rate, Baghdad is the second biggest and most crowded city in the Arab world after Cairo as well as in Western Asia after Tehran. The growing population has put considerable pressure on the Mayoralty of Baghdad to improve its public services, the sewerage system in particular. In 2013, the Deputy Mayor for Technical Affairs...