We explain the early onset of shadowing in nuclear photoabsorption within a multiple scattering approach and discuss its relation to in-medium modifications of the ρ 0. The nuclear photoabsorption cross section is known to be shadowed at large energies, i.e. σ γA < Aσ γN. This was at first interpreted as a confirmation of the vector meson dominance (VMD) model, which assumes that the photon mig...

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of extensive reading (ER) and shadowing on performance on reading comprehension tests. This study addressed the following research questions: (a) Can extensive reading improve students’ reading comprehension? and (b) can shadowing enhance the effects of extensive reading? The participants in the study were 89 Japanese university students major...

Infinite population models of co-evolutionary dynamics are useful mathematical constructs hinting at the possibility of a wide variety of possible dynamical regimes from simple attractive fixed point behavior, periodic orbits to complex chaotic dynamics. We propose to use the framework of shadowing lemma to link such mathematical constructs to large finite population computer simulations. We al...

Severe obstruction to shadowing of computer-generated trajectories can occur in nonhyperbolic chaotic systems with unstable dimension variability. That is, when the dimension of the unstable eigenspace changes along a trajectory in the invariant set, no true trajectory of reasonable length can be found to exist near any numerically generated trajectory. An important quantity characterizing the ...

We use the shadowing approach to study the long-time behavior of numerical approximations of semilinear parabolic equations. We show that the corresponding nonlinear semigroup has a Lipschitz shadowing property in a neighborhood of its global attractor. The proof is based on reduction to an inertial manifold and application of shadowing techniques developed for nite-dimensional systems. When ap...

This paper presents a physically plausible soft-shadow algorithm that can be executed real-time by current GPUs. The method works with a single shadow map, requires no preor post-processing, and can also handle self shadowing. The main novelty of the method is in the interpretation of the shadow map. A lexel with depth information is considered as the geometric definition of an elementary shado...

Background and Purpose There is little information on the distribution of atherosclerotic lesions of the extracranial carotid artery wall in free-living populations. The purpose of the present study was to describe the prevalence from 1987 through 1989 of extracranial carotid artery plaque and plaque with acoustic attenuation (shadowing) lesions in a general population of white and black adults...

Deterministic propagation prediction methods proposed for indoor radio are useful for estimating the average propagation loss in real environments, which usually have complicated geometries. On the other hand, these methods generally fail to accommodate human body shadowing, which is a significant propagation effect in indoor picocells. Several empirical models to describe body shadowing have b...

The phenomenon of shadowing of nuclear structure functions at small values of Bjorken-x is analyzed. First, multiple scattering is discussed as the underlying physical mechanism. In this context three different but related approaches are presented: Glauber-like rescatterings, Gribov inelastic shadowing and ideas based on high-density Quantum Chromodynamics. Next, different parametrizations of n...