Soils are routinely sampled and characterized according to genetic horizons (layers), resulting in data that are associated with principal dimensions: location (x,y), depth (z), and property space (p). The high dimensionality and grouped nature of this type of data can complicate standard analysis, summarization, and visualization. The aqp package was developed to address some of these issues, ...

The investigation of basins for planning soil conservation requires a selective approach to identify smaller hydrological units, which would be suitable for more efficient and targeted conservation management programmes. One criterion, generally used to determine the vulnerability of catchments to erosion, is the sediment yield of a basin. In India, sediment yield data are generally not collect...

A method with the combined advantages of soil particle washing, selective inhibitors, and an indicator substrate was developed to isolate saprophytic basidiomycetes from soil. Organic particles were washed from soil and plated on a medium containing lignin, guaiacol, and benomyl, which reduced mold growth and allowed detection of basidiomycetes producing laccase or peroxidase. The 64 soil sampl...

During 2008, the presence of Paecilomyces species was studied in fields in Fars province. Soil samples were collected from 0–20 cm depth. The isolates were recovered using a soil dilution plate method directly from soil. Isolation was performed from soil using malt extract agar, rice agar, oat-meal agar and potato dextrose agar. Anamorphic characteristics such as morphology of conidiophores, ph...

soil compaction has become a widespread problem in the world and is one of the factors involved in land degradation and declining crop yields, especially in the arid and semi-arid agriculture. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of subsoil compaction on morphological, physiological and agronomic aspects of wheat .the research was carried out in the experimental farms of anb...

Contrasting with smoothness, non-smoothness occurs widely around the world. There are many typical non-smooth surface morphologies in living creatures. Non-smooth surfaces have some special functions during the evolution of living creatures. According to the traditional conception, the body surface is smoother, and the adhesion force is smaller. In many cases, the surfaces of some products or w...

While most temperate broad-leaved tree species form ectomycorrhizal (EM) symbioses, a few species have arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM). It is not known whether EM and AM tree species differ systematically with respect to fine root morphology, fine root system size and root functioning. In a species-rich temperate mixed forest, we studied the fine root morphology and biomass of three EM and three AM...

Due to the lack of good quality water for human consumption and industry, in many countries irrigated agriculture is exposed to increasing pressure to expand the use of brackish and even high-saline waters for crop production. The application of lower quality waters requires special management practices, which are not yet fully understood with respect to optimization of plant growth on saline s...