Plant viral-based expression system offers an alternative tool for the expression of various target proteins via stable transformation or transient expression in plants. In transient expression strategy, generation of in vitro viral transcripts through complete linearization of the recombinant vector containing the cloned gene is crucial to ensure the success of gene expression in plants. Hence...

Drought is expected to increase in frequency and severity due to global warming, and its impacts on vegetation are typically extensively evaluated with climatic drought indices, such as multi-scalar Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). We analyzed the covariation between the SPEIs of various time scales and the anomalies of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI...

Drought indices are used to identify and monitor drought events. The standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) is a widely based on accumulated water balance. There is, however, no broad consensus which probability distribution the most appropriate for balances. This issue investigated Ethiopia using 125 meteorological stations spread across country. Based long-term series, sel...

The objective of this work was to perform the techno-economic analysis for integration two post-combustion carbon capture technologies into cement plants, namely monoethanolamine (MEA) scrubbing-based and silica-alkoxylated polyethyleneimine (SPEI) adsorbent-based processes. key performance indicators were investigated, including emission abatement, energy performance, break-even selling price,...

Abstract. The monthly standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) can be used to monitor and assess drought characteristics with 1-month or longer duration. Based on data from 1961 2018 at 427 meteorological stations across mainland China, we developed a daily SPEI dataset overcome the shortcoming of coarse temporal scale SPEI. Our not only identify start end dates events, but al...

A meteorological drought study is performed using monthly time scale data from three separate locations in southern Sindh, Pakistan. Rainfall and temperature have been used to identify the drought. These were transformed into indices known as standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) (SPI), which derived (the Hargreaves equation). In this study, two are compared for stations Ch...