for a long time, many efforts have been taken on improving gas turbine performance to increase the propulsive force and keep the chamber walls cool. in this regard, implementation of cyclonic and vortex engines have been proposed. according to increasing in the engine efficiency and keeping the chamber walls cool, the bidirectional vortex flow which is exited in the vortex engine, makes researc...

The theoretical foundations of a statistical spray modeling approach based on the droplet distribution function ~ddf!, which was originally proposed by Williams @Phys. Fluids 1, 541 ~1958!#, are established. The equation governing the ddf evolution is derived using an alternative approach. The unclosed terms in the ddf evolution equation are precisely defined, and the regime of applicability of...

Dioxins in the combustion gas of municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) are resynthesized when the combustion gas passes from the outlet exaust gas boiler to the outlet gas duct. The objective of the study was to estimate if the suppression of the formation of dioxins depends on the inlet gas temperature and diameter and/or temperature of droplet spray water using an actual incinerator oper...

For resolving the problem of sprinkle repeated, overtaken and went beyond in irrigation, it is important to research the approach of irregular boundary area. The equation of range and flow for achieving the square and triangle spray were deduced. Pressure is proportional to range. Specific method of changing the sectional area was put forward for achieving square and triangle spray. Adopted MAT...

In this work, aqueous diltiazem HCl and polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) solutions were mixed with Kollicoat SR 30D and spray dried to microparticles of different drug:excipient ratio and PVP content. Co-spray dried products and physical mixtures of drug, Kollidon SR and PVP were tableted. Spray drying process, co-spray dried products and compressibility/compactability of co-spray dried and physical...

A large eddy simulation (LES)/probability density function (PDF) method is proposed for modeling turbulent spray combustion. The PDF method has the advantage that the chemical source term appears closed but requires models for the small scale mixing process. The transport equation for the joint-scalar PDF is high dimensional and solved using a Lagrangian technique. A stable and consistent numer...

The purpose of this paper is to present a brief overview of the MD* thermal spray process, review the current existing models of heat transfer and fluid mechanics relevant to this process, outline a simplified thermal model implemented together with the results, and discuss the activities required for the implementation and verification of an accurate temperature model of the MD* thermal spray ...

In recent years, there has been growing interest to use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for exploring dropletparticles interaction under the turbulent flow of air inside spray dryer systems. The final goal is to predict the dried solid particle size and mass flux distributions under the conditions of collision, coalescence and agglomeration of the droplets and particles. The coarse-grained s...

the variety of sprinkler devices available for the center pivot and linear irrigation systems has been increased dramatically in recent years. in the current study, via conducting some indoor experiments, one type of fixed pad spray sprinkler (d3000) and two types of moving pad spray sprinklers (r3000 and s3000) with various configurations (working pressure, nozzle size and type of deflector pa...