springs are the  mechanical parts which have many application in industries. static and dynamic forces cause relaxation in these parts so that they lose some of their free length and reaction force. springs constant are very important in airplane and vailway industry since constant and variable forces are applied to them in period time, therefore it is necessary to avoid decreasing in spring co...

after springs production, different residual stresses are created in the inner and outer surfaces of spring wires. some of these stresses for example compressive residual stresses are useful and some are harmful. the effects of vareation of these stresses are caused spring relaxation and decrising in their free length when they are loaded intermittently. for review this phenomena in this resear...

We have analyzed the response of bead-spring chain models in strong elongational flow as the amount of polymer represented by a spring s changed. We examined the longest relaxation time of the chains which is used to quantify the strength of the flow in terms of a Weissenberg umber. A chain with linear springs can be used to predict the longest relaxation time of the nonlinear chains if the lin...

In order to reduce the location estimation error in Wireless Sensor Network(WSN). A localization algorithm is proposed combining adaptive estimation, PI-learning and spring-relaxation techniques for wireless sensor networks in this paper. Our proposed method takes the advantages of the spring-relaxation technique, thus it inherits its simplicity. The overall accuracy of the location estimations...

This paper reports on the development of an ultrasonic sensing-based active localization system. The system employs array to transmit chirp signals and time-of-flight measurement for ranging. position receiver is estimated iteratively using spring-relaxation technique. A median 90-percentile error 12.4 21.7 mm, respectively, were obtained measurements at 625 positions within a 1.2 m × area test...

−− Arterial viscoelasticity can be described using stress-relaxation experiments. To fit these curves, models with springs and dashpots, based on differential equations, were widely studied. However, uniaxial tests in arteries show particular shapes with an initial steep decay and a slow asymptotic relaxation. Recently, fractional order derivatives were used to conceive a new component called s...

Brownian dynamics simulations of bead-spring chains were used to study the relaxation of an initially stretched DNAmolecule in slitlike confinement. Taking into account excluded volume effects but neglecting hydrodynamic interactions, the simulations are able to reproduce the two relaxation times in the linear force regime that our group has experimentally studied and recently reported. The rel...