this paper aims to assess the application of support vector machine (svm) regression in order to analysis flexible pavements. to this end, 10000 four-layer flexible pavement sections consisted of asphalt concrete layer, granular base layer, granular subbase layer, and subgrade soil were analyzed under the effect of standard axle loading using multi-layered elastic theory and pavement critical r...

in this study, an artificial neural network was developed in order to analyze flexible pavement structure anddetermine its critical responses under the influence of standard axle loading. in doing so, more than 10000four-layered flexible pavement sections composed of asphalt concrete layer, base layer, subbase layer, andsubgrade soil were analyzed under the impact of standard axle loading. pave...

Occurrence of top down and bottom up fatigue cracking in asphaltic pavements is common. Conventional pavement analysis methods ignore the existence of cracks in asphaltic layers. However, it seems that the responses of cracked pavement would not be the same as a pavement without crack. This paper describes effects of crack type, position and length, and vehicles tire inflation pressure and axle...

This study investigates how shape optimisation affects the ultimate fatigue strength of a mechanical part. The mechanical part chosen for this investigation is an axle guard of running gear elements of the Hccrrs 2x2 axle car-carrying wagon. The static and fatigue strength analysis procedure according to the UIC 517 standard and numerical methods have been applied. Material properties were dete...

OBJECTIVE To determine the optimal crank length and crank-axle height for maximum power production during standing arm cranking ("grinding"). METHODS Nine elite professional America's Cup grinders (age = 36 +/- 2 yr, body mass = 104 +/- 1 kg, body fat = 13% +/- 2%) performed eight maximal 6-s sprints on an adjustable standing arm-crank ergometer fitted with an SRM power crank. The protocol in...

The design of European two–axle freight wagons can be traced back to the 1890’es. It has been and still is widely used in Europe because it is simple, rugged and cheap in price and maintenance. The internationally approved suspension for two–axle freight wagons in Europe is known as the UIC standard suspension (see Fig. 1). Each wagon has four of these suspensions. They consist of a leaf spring...

field capacity, fuel consumption and drive wheel slippage in massey ferguson (mf399) tractor with standard and liquid ballasted (630 kg) axle load and at 4wd mode was evaluated and compared. the tests were conducted at the experimental station, college of agriculture, shiraz university, in a field with clay loam soil at average moisture content of 18% d.b. the experiment was of a randomized com...

The objective of this paper is to present review on the axle used in railways to have better performance with minimum losses to railways . There are various material which is used for manufacturing axle. This paper gives the summary and range of various material used in the railway axle and our aim is to find stresses on axle and is to reduce the maintainence cost stresses as well as increase t...

One common mobile robot design consists of three ‘omniwheels’ arranged at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, with wheel axles aligned with the rays from the center of the triangle to each wheel. Omniwheels, like standard wheels, are driven by the motors in a direction perpendicular to the wheel axle, but unlike standard wheels, can slip in a direction parallel to the axle. Unlike a steere...

Posture sensing techniques for Compliant Framed Modular Mobile Robots (CFMMR) are presented in this paper using a new Relative Posture Sensor (RPS) combined with standard sensors in a tiered fusion algorithm. The fusion algorithm uses traditional Kalman filters and rigid axle kinematic models to predict the global posture of each axle. A Covariance Intersection filter then fuses disparate axle ...