in this paper, we propose a new method for fuzzy numbers. in this method, we assume that ai= (ai1, ai2, ai3, ai4) is to be a fuzzy number. so, the convex combination of ai1 and ai2 and also the convex combination of ai3 and ai4 are obtained separately. then, mic and mis that are to be the convex combinations and the standard deviation respectively we acquire them from these components. finally,...

ECG contains very important clinical information about the cardiac activities of the heart. Often the ECG signal needs to be captured for a long period of time in order to identify abnormalities in certain situations. Such signal apart of a large volume often is characterised by low quality due to the noise and other influences. In order to extract features in the ECG signal with time-varying c...

Why process at all? Of course, the answer is ultimately feed efficiency, producing the most milk, eggs, meat or fiber at the lowest possible cost. Particle size reduction as the first step in the feed manufacturing process works toward the goal of improved feed efficiency by increasing the surface area of the materials being processed. This increases the amount of materials exposed to the anima...

Standard deviation (SD) and standard error (SE) are quietly but extensively used in biomedical publications. These terms and notations are used as descriptive statistics (summarizing numerical data), and they are used as inferential statistics (estimating population parameters from samples). I review the use and misuse of SD and SE in several authoritative medical journals and make suggestions ...

A recent Perspective in Nature issued a call for more transparency in the reporting of preclinical research (1). Although this article focused primarily on experimental design, it emphasized the need for improved reporting in the scientific literature. Within the context of preclinical studies, there have been discussions regarding the appropriate reporting of standard error (SE) and standard d...

Traditional beam tracking has severe performance loss under the high mobility and narrow scenario. To alleviate degradation, we propose an adaptive beamwidth control for millimeter wave tracking. Using particle filter, perform tracking, i.e., which is to estimate channel gain angle-of-arrival (AoA). Based on updated standard deviation of AoA, adequate set via partial activation antenna array. S...

1. Implement AdaBoost with boosting stumps and apply the algorithm to the spambase data set of HW2 with the same training and test sets. Plot the average cross-validation error plus or minus one standard deviation as a function of the number of rounds of boosting T by selecting the value of this parameter out of {10, 102, . . . , 10k} for a suitable value of k, as in HW2. Let T ∗ be the best va...