Many supply chain problems involve optimization of various conflicting objectives. This paper formulates a green supply chain network throughout a two-stage mixed integer linear problem with uncertain demand and stochastic environmental respects level. The first objective function of the proposed model considers minimization of supply chain costs while the second objective function minimizes CO...

Facing supply uncertainty of bulky wastes, the capacitated multi-product stochastic network design model for bulky waste recycling is proposed in this paper. The objective of this model is to minimize the first-stage total fixed costs and the expected value of the second-stage variable costs. The possibility of operation costs and transportation costs for bulky waste recycling is considered ...

In most stochastic inventory models, such as continuous review models and periodic review models, it has been assumed that the stockout period during a cycle is small enough to be neglected so that the average number of cycles per year can be approximated as D/Q, where D is the average annual demand and Q is the order quantity. This assumption makes the problem more tactable, but it should not ...

In most stochastic inventory models, such as continuous review models and periodic review models, it has been assumed that the stockout period during a cycle is small enough to be neglected so that the average number of cycles per year can be approximated as D/Q, where D is the average annual demand and Q is the order quantity. This assumption makes the problem more tactable, but it should not ...

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative analysis to investigate the behavior of the OPEC oil price. Obtaining the best mathematical equation to describe the price and volatility of oil has a great importance. Stochastic differential equations are one of the best models to determine the oil price, because they include the random factor which can apply the effect of different ...

To evaluate and predict component-based software security, a two-dimensional model of software security is proposed by Stochastic Petri Net in this paper. In this approach, the software security is modeled by graphical presentation ability of Petri nets, and the quantitative prediction is provided by the evaluation capability of Stochastic Petri Net and the computing power of Markov chain. Each...

The Heston stochastic-volatility model is a square-root diffusion model for the stochasticvariance. It gives rise to a singular diffusion for the distribution as noted by Feller (1951). Hence, there is an order constraint on the relationship between the limit that the variance goes to zero and the limit that time-step goes to zero, so that any non-trivial transformation of the Heston model lead...

Ramsey model belongs to “classical” economic dynamic models. It has been (1928) originally constructed (with a farmer’s interpretation) in a deterministic discrete setting. To solve it Lagrangean or dynamic programming techniques can be employed. Later, this model has been generalized to a stochastic version. Time horizon in the original deterministic model as well as in modified stochastic one...

Stochastic model checking requires the computation of steady-state or transient distribution for finite or infinite Markov chains for the evaluation of some formulas implying probabilities. However the numerical analysis of Markov chains is much less efficient than the sophisticated algorithmic techniques such as MTBDD developed for the deterministic model checking. We propose to simplify the n...

The mine production planning defines a sequence of block extraction to obtain the highest NPV under a number of constraints. Mathematical programming has become a widespread approach to optimize production planning, for open pit mines since the 1960s. However, the previous and existing models are found to be limited in their ability to explicitly incorporate the ore grade uncertainty into the p...