Unbounded distributive lattices which have strong endomorphism kernel property (SEKP) introduced by Blyth and Silva in [3] were fully characterized in [11] using Priestley duality (see Theorem  2.8}). We shall determine the structure of special elements (which are introduced after  Theorem 2.8 under the name strong elements) and show that these lattices can be considered as a direct product of ...

In 2001, an open question that was posed by Blyth, Silva and Varlet in [2] is the following: for an Ockham algebra L determine the congruences on L that are kernels of endomorphisms on L. Whereas a general solution to this is stll an open problem, there has been some progress in investigating kernels of endomorphisms in various lattice-ordered algebras. In this connection, an algebra A is said ...

In this paper, we show that every element of a discrete module is a sum of two units if and only if its endomorphism ring has no factor ring isomorphic to $Z_{2}$. We also characterize unit sum number equal to two for the endomorphism ring of quasi-discrete modules with finite exchange property.

in this paper, we show that every element of a discrete module is a sum of two units if and only if its endomorphism ring has no factor ring isomorphic to $z_{2}$. we also characterize unit sum number equal to two for the endomorphism ring of quasi-discrete modules with finite exchange property.

Theorem 15.1. Let E/Fq be an elliptic curve over a finite field, and let πE be the Frobenius endomorphism of E. Then E is supersingular if and only if trπE ≡ 0 mod p. Proof. Let q = pn and let π be the p-power Frobenius map π(x, y) = (xp, yp) (note that π is an isogeny, but not necessarily an endomorphism, since E need not be defined over Fp). We have π̂π = [p], where [p] denotes the multiplicat...

A measure-preserving endomorphism is one-sided Bernoulli if it is isomorphic to a noninvertible Bernoulli shift. We show that in piecewise smooth settings this property is very strong and far more subtle than the weak Bernoulli property, by extending of results of W. Parry and P. Walters and proving new results based on continuity of the Radon-Nikodym derivative. In particular, we provide tests...

In this paper we characterize pairs of Rosenberg relations (ρ, σ) with the property that the endomorphism monoid of one of the relations is properly contained in the endomorphism monoid of the other relation. We focus on the situations where one of the relations is a partial order, or a central relation. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 08A35, 06A06

Any endomorphism of a finitely generated free group naturally descends to an injective endomorphism of its stable quotient. In this paper, we prove a geometric incarnation of this phenomenon: namely, that every expanding irreducible train track map inducing an endomorphism of the fundamental group gives rise to an expanding irreducible train track representative of the injective endomorphism of...

In this paper, the endomorphisms, the half-strong endomorphisms, the locally strong endomorphisms, the quasi-strong endomorphisms, the strong endomorphisms and the automorphisms of a join of cycle n C and a vertex y are investigated. Some enumerative problems concerning these graphs are solved. In particular, the endomorphism spectrums and the endomorphism types of these graphs are given. It ha...