Introduction The advent of quantitative techniques based on the analyses of MRI structural data, such as Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) and volumetric analyses, has allowed a sensitive detection of regional patterns of grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume loss with ageing (Sowell et al., 2003; Walhovd et al., 2005). More recently, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used to quantify...

Tinnitus is a common but poorly understood disorder characterized by ringing or buzzing in the ear. Central mechanisms must play a crucial role in generating this auditory phantom sensation as it persists in most cases after severing the auditory nerve. One hypothesis states that tinnitus is caused by a reorganization of tonotopic maps in the auditory cortex, which leads to an overrepresentatio...

Structural change plays an important role in developing any economy, so understanding it is critical to make policies that increase total factor productivity. The structural change that leads to an efficient resource allocation after trade reforms is desirable; the key factor that can affect the relation of "structural change and trade liberalization" with productivity is the quality of institu...

The article aims to describe structural changes in the agrarian sector of Irkutsk region caused by government support for small businesses, simplified procedures farm registering, accounting property and production results, taxation, which contributed development peasant farming. is required, but it can change structure areas gross grain crops since farms increase quantitative indicators rather...

in structural time seriesregression models, binary (classic) dummy variables are used to quantify the effects of economic structural breaks, changes or qualitative variables. the binary dummy variable can be challenged using this dummy variable in which 0 or 1 represent absence or presence of structural breaks(or changes), but presence of the structural breaks(or changes) may not have uniform e...