Succession provides a temporal framework in which to understand ecological processes. Studies of community assembly and changes in species diversity and nutrient cycling, for example, benefit greatly from the temporal perspective that succession offers. The temporal consequences of species interactions throughout the life history of each species are also well integrated into the conceptual fram...

Vegetation succession was studied for 12 years on an abandoned nutrient-poor small field surrounded by a strip of natural grassland. No fertilizers or herbicides were applied. Few weeds or annuals were present during this period. Only two plants, i.e. Agrostis capillaris and Festuca rubra , dominated during the 12 years. At two spatial scales (0.04 and 0.4 m) a dramatic increase in species rich...

As an exploratory step toward integrating differing views in the field of top management succession, this study takes an open system’s perspective and examines the effect of top management succession on organizational performance, in particular decision-making accuracy, under conditions where various organizational and environmental factors can interact. Through a formal computer simulation mod...

in this study, using qualitative method, succession planning success factors are first identified, then this factors are examined as a measurement model. the statistical population included managers and supervisors of alpha holding company and the samples were chosen in random. the tools used for data gathering were literature reviews, questionnaire and interviews. validity and reliability of q...

In this paper we study the enumeration and the construction of particular binary words avoiding the pattern 10. By means of the theory of Riordan arrays, we solve the enumeration problem and we give a particular succession rule, called jumping and marked succession rule, which describes the growth of such words according to their number of ones. Moreover, the problem of associating a word to a ...

We address the question: under which circumstances can we rely upon spontaneous succession and when are technical measures more effective in restoration programs? To answer this question, the position of a disturbed site along the productivity–stress gradient was considered. The probability of attaining a target stage by spontaneous succession decreases toward both ends of the productivity–stre...

Cellular Automata is a discrete dynamical system that can be completely described in terms of local relation. For any given image, the system can save its features as well as increase or decrease the brightness of it locally through consideration of optimized transition in succession. These transitions in succession satisfy the function "Lyapunov" and have sequential movements. This study sugge...