Variations in the ejaculatory abstinence durations suggested by different guidance bodies have resulted in a growing concern among researchers over what the concise period of ejaculatory abstinence for an optimal semen sample ought to be. Several studies have been undertaken to examine the association between the length of sexual abstinence and semen characteristics. Not all studies, however, h...

We report the case of a heavy cannabis and tobacco user tracked over a fifteen-week treatment episode comprising tobacco and cannabis cessation interventions, with successive follow-ups at three, six and nine months. Upon treatment exit, the client was abstinent from both cannabis and tobacco, sustained at three-month followup. At six months, the client had returned to smoking tobacco but maint...

Few studies have examined the association between reasons for not drinking and social norms among abstinent college students. Research suggests that drinking motives are associated with perceived injunctive norms and drinking. Therefore, it seems likely that reasons for not drinking may also be associated with perceived injunctive norms and abstinence. The aim of this study was to examine the r...

To date, there are few large-scale studies that have examined the relationship between duration of abstinence and cognitive functioning in polysubstance-dependent individuals. Existing large-scale studies of polysubstance abusers have reported only minimal recovery of cognitive functioning with abstinence [Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 35 (1978) 1063]. The goal of this study is to test whether length o...

Background: Abstinence is one of the most important aspects of “ABC” approach to prevent the spread of HIV through changing sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to review the studies conducted in the field of sexual abstinence education.   Methods:We investigated the published experimental or quasi-experimental studies from 1998 to 2018 on the impact of sexual abstinence education in...

Continued vulnerability to relapse during abstinence is characteristic of cocaine addiction and suggests that drug-induced neuroadaptations persist during abstinence. However, the precise cellular and molecular attributes of these adaptations remain equivocal. One possibility is that cocaine self-administration leads to enduring changes in DNA methylation. To address this possibility, we isolat...

Introduction: Most of our knowledge regarding the link between opioid dependence and poor cognitive functioning is derived from cross sectional studies.This longitudinal study measured the change in memory functioning following complete abstinence among individuals with heroin dependence. Methods: Using a before-after design,this study followed 30 adults ...

Among strategies to prevent HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancies, are programs that promote sexual abstinence among adolescents. However, literature suggests that there may be differences in the understanding of abstinence across adolescents, and this study sought to explore the understanding of sexual abstinence among both male and female learners in a sec...

Chronic heavy alcohol consumption adversely affects both macronutrients and micronutrients. Alcohol use affects selenium status. Considerable evidence suggests that selenium status may modify mental function. The author suggests that the effects of alcohol intake on mood, behavior, and cognition may be partly mediated by biological changes related to selenium deficiency. It has been observed th...