We report on the fabrication of a superstructure Bragg grating in a planar polymer substrate. Based on a twofold illumination process an integrated waveguide and a superstructure Bragg grating are subsequently written into bulk polymethylmethacrylate by UV-induced refractive index modification. The measured reflected spectrum of the superstructure Bragg grating exhibits multiple reflection peak...

In classical sociology, there is a sharp separation between the superstructure reflecting cultural ideals and the concrete Structural Base (SB). The authors hypothesize a Doxical Superstructure (DS) in its own space at a higher level, containing concepts such as completeness, necessity and possibility associated with abstract concepts like beliefs, ethics, knowledge, relations and science. The ...

Superstructure orthorhombicII (OII) phase in polycrystalline samples of YBCOx was observed by using synchrotron in-situ high resolution powder diffraction (HRPD) techniques at 300˚C. Rietveld method (RM) refinement was employed to analyse the collected diffraction data under proper oxygen partial pressure atmospheres. Our study indicates that by oxygen uptake, the samples undergo structural pha...

Objective: To evaluate marginal discrepancies between cast implant superstructure and EDM processed implant structure. Materials and methods: For the purpose of this study, an experimental model was prepared on which nine cast implant superstructure in nickel-chromium were fabricated which was then subjected to EDM processing. One-screw test was used to verify fit of superstructure both preand ...

Benefiting from the improved resolution and polarization information of SAR data, ship recognition has attracted much attention during the last decade. This paper considers the ship recognition in TerraSAR-X imagery. We propose a novel feature extraction algorithm, named Superstructure Scattering Distribution (SSD), by investigating the ship’s superstructure and corresponding electromagnetic sc...

We report on the self-organized growth of a regular array of Fe nanoclusters on a nanopatterned magnetite surface. Under oxidizing preparation conditions, the s111d surface of magnetite exhibits a regular superstructure with three-fold symmetry and a 42 Å periodicity. This superstructure represents an oxygen-terminated s111d surface, which is reconstructed to form a periodically strained surfac...

We describe methodology for producing highly uniform, ordered and reproducible superstructures of surfactant-coated ZnS nanorod and nanowire assemblies, and propose a predictive multiscale ‘‘packing model’’ for superstructure formation based on electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction data on the superstructure, as well as on individual components of the nanostructured system. The studi...

Networks C. A. Schweiger and C. A. Floudas1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-5263, USA Abstract{The synthesis of optimal reactor networks using a superstructure based approach is considered. The fundamental units in the superstructure are the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a cross ow reactor (CFR). The mathematical modeling leads to an op...

The objective of this contribution is to propose a multilevel-hierarchical approach to the MINLP synthesis of process flowsheets. Following a hierarchical strategy, the designer can postulate the superstructure at different levels of representation of flowsheet alternatives and model it at the corresponding level of aggregation and complexity. By the use of the prcscrcening procedure the supers...