It is broadly agreed that the opportunity of encroachment a viable strategy to increase profit. We consider supply chain in which one manufacturer can encroach by selling national brand products consumers directly, and retailer developing store products. The product more valued consumers, whereas incumbent retailing channel cost-efficient. Linear inverse demand functions are derived from consum...

the real business cycle theory was applied to investigate the hypothesis of cyclical agreeable treatment of real wages, for men and women work force, in the iranian agricultural sector for the period of 1971-2006. on the basis of this theory, the impacts of supply side shocks (productivity and oil income shocks), are anticipated on the fluctuations of the real wages. the dominant effect of supp...

At present, China’s economy has entered a new period of high-quality development from the stage high-speed growth. The supply side structural reform focusing on removing production capacity, inventory, deleveraging, cost reduction and making up for weaknesses is major strategic measure to enhance driving force sustained economic growth, solve deep-seated problems improve quality development. Ac...

as organizations’ information technology (It) investment goals evolve from improving operational efficiency to enhancing strategic growth, the chief information officer (CIO) is increasingly expected to play not only the traditional supply-side leadership role that focuses on exploiting existing It competencies to support known business needs but also the demand-side leadership role that focuse...

Most previous efforts have focused on constructing various demand-driven IO models because of their widely accepted usefulness in regional science. After Ghosh’s suggestion of the supply-driven IO model, a debate over its plausibility ensued. Much of this was resolved with Dietzenbacher’s (1997) suggestion of the interpretation of a price model, equivalent to Leontief’s price model. However, in...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide an overview of biosimilar policies in 10 EU MSs. Methods: Ten EU MS pharmaceutical markets (Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and the UK) were selected. A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify supply-side and demand-side policies in place in the selected countries. Results: Supply-side policies for ...

Coordination is very important in supply chain management and it is one of the main factors in supply chain profitability. Bullwhip effect is one of the basic obstacles to achieve coordination in supply chains and reduction of this phenomenon has an important role in supply chain harmony. The other side, costs of supply chain can be mitigated and customer service level can be increased by reduc...

In recent years the management of risk in supply chains has become an important issue in the scientific literature. This aspect is of primary interest in market side decisions of a company such as in the procurement of materials. So far, traditional supply chain planning methods solely focus on improving cost efficiency and reducing inventory buffers in supply chains. These approaches are succe...