vertical root fracture (vrf) has been a great challenge in dentistry; most fractures often result in tooth extraction. inflammation of tissues around the fractured root is the main reason for tooth extraction. based on the strategic importance of some fractured teeth, treatment may be necessary and often complicated. however, performing a proper repair or even splinting the fractured segments m...

successful endodontic treatment requires thorough knowledge regarding each root canal system of any tooth and probability of extra canals should be considered. second maxillary molar with two palatal root canals is not frequent and its incidence reported in literatures is about 0.4–2%. the present case report describes non-surgical retreatment of maxillary second molar with two palatal root can...

autogenous tooth transplantation (att) is a simple and reasonable choice for replacing the missing teeth when a proper donor tooth is available. this report presents a case of successful att of a maxillary right third molar for replacement of mandibular right second molar with a concomitant endodontic-periodontal disease. the mandibular second molar was believed to be hopeless due to a severe d...

This case report presents surgical endodontic management outcomes of maxillary incisors that were infected via the lateral canals. Two cases are presented in which endodontically-treated maxillary central incisors had sustained lateral canal infections. A surgical endodontic treatment was performed on both teeth. Flap elevation revealed vertical bone destruction along the root surface and infec...

Non-surgical Endodontic therapies have a very good success rate. In some cases failures may occur which can be managed by non-surgical endodontic re-treatment or endodontic surgical intervention. Intentional replantation is an accepted procedure in which a tooth is extracted and treated outside the oral cavity, then reinserted into its socket to correct an obvious radiographic or clinical endod...

This article reports non-surgical endodontic retreatment of two patients with persistent or recurrent periapical lesions, who had previously undergone surgical and non-surgical endodontic therapy respectively. It further discusses and reviews the relevance of classification of periapical lesions, the explanation behind healing of periapical lesions by endodontic therapy alone, causes of persist...

INTRODUCTION A mandatory requirement of root canal therapy is that the obturation and restoration of the tooth must seal the root canals both apically and coronally to prevent leakage and percolation of oral fluids and to prevent recontamination of disinfected canals. Apicoectomy (apicectomy/root-end resection) with retrograde obturation is a widely applied procedure in endodontics, when all ef...

The purpose of this article was to illustrate an alternative approach to non-surgical management of teeth with failed surgical retreatment. The patient presented with complaint of severe pain after endodontic treatment of the maxillary right lateral and central incisors, which has not been reduce by periradicular surgery. Radiographic examination revealed the poor quality of both the endodontic...

INTRODUCTION The use of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) techniques has been proposed as an adjunct to endodontic surgery in order to promote bone healing. Studies assessing the added benefits of GTR for the outcome of endodontic surgery are significantly variable in their treatment protocols, follow-up periods, and inclusion criteria, thus generating inconsistent and confusing results. The aim...