introduction: firstly, for exploring the basis of ecotourism, we should look for the basis of literature configuring of the tourism development and emersion of sustainability though in it. tourism planning has progressed over this period after the wwii, with an detonation of economic and marketing ideas coming to prevailing tourism planning, so as it called “boosterism” which we cannot consider...

Objective: The role and importance of urban green space in urban life and physical stability and effectiveness of the system returns to different urban ecological, economic and social, it is undeniable, As far as public green space per capita in cities and urban management planning program is considered one of the main discussion. Urban green spaces should be one of the most essential factors t...

Objective: The role and importance of urban green space in urban life and physical stability and effectiveness of the system returns to different urban ecological, economic and social, it is undeniable, As far as public green space per capita in cities and urban management planning program is considered one of the main discussion. Urban green spaces should be one of the most essential factors t...

There is a growing recognition that the present demographic patterns in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana, do not augur well for the achievement of sustainable development. Ghana is characterized by a youthful population, rapid population growth, uneven population distribution, high fertility, and rural-urban migration which has brought human numbers into collision with resources to sustain ...

Sustainability is a key challenge for humanity in the 21st century. Ecosystem services-the benefits that people derive from nature and natural capital-is a concept often used to help explain human reliance on nature and frame the decisions we make in terms of the ongoing value of nature to human wellbeing. Yet ecosystem service science has not always lived up to the promise of its potential. De...

one of the fundamental notions of realization of sustainable city within the framework of the theory of sustainable development is what affects the urban green spaces as well as the influence they may have. as the upshot of years’ worth of experiences in the ideology of iranian urban design, iranian garden is of magnificently high position which possesses the potentials to act as the green spac...

Urbanization is one of the great challenges of our time and unchecked haphazard urbanization is a serious threat both to the environment and social and economic balance. In order to meet global sustainability targets, rapid urban growth must be channelled into environmentally friendly, sustainable and liveable urban environments. Thus, this special issue focuses on sustainable urban design whic...