The distinction between qualitative and quantitative interactions is stressed as it helps to elucidate differences between two current definitions of the term synergism and how multifactorial experiments should be designed, analysed statistically, and their results interpreted. Factorial design and analyses are strongly advocated so that interactions can be detected. It is suggested that intera...

The DREAM challenge is a community effort to assess current capabilities in systems biology. Two recent challenges focus on cancer cell drug sensitivity and drug synergism, and highlight strengths and weaknesses of current approaches.

b a s e don folic acid biosynthetic pathway a mathematical model was made for bacterial growth to describe the synergistic effect between sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The results obtained show a strong synergism at growth inhibiting concentrations of these two drugs. Two cyclic pathways included in the model are responsible for this synergism. The roles of these pathways in producing ...

AIM The in vitro activity of colistin in combination with sulbactam, netilmicin, and vancomycin against colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains was investigated. Furthermore, the clonal relationship of the strains was analyzed. METHODS Clonal relationship was investigated using rep-PCR. To screen for synergysm, the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was calculated using checkerb...

b a s e don folic acid biosynthetic pathway a mathematical model was made for bacterial growth to describe the synergistic effect between sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. the results obtained show a strong synergism at growth inhibiting concentrations of these two drugs. two cyclic pathways included in the model are responsible for this synergism. the roles of these pathways in producing syne...

Plant diseases are often thought to be caused by one species or even by a specific strain. Microbes in nature, however, mostly occur as part of complex communities and this has been noted since the time of van Leeuwenhoek. Interestingly, most laboratory studies focus on single microbial strains grown in pure culture; we were therefore unaware of possible interspecies and/or inter-kingdom intera...

conclusions optimization of medium composition and synergistic antimicrobial activity on the cyanobacteria could lead to production of effective antimicrobials. results c. leptolyngbya had antimicrobial activity individually and in synergy with antibiotics against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the highest activity of the chloroform extract was on gram positive strains and its effect...

The potential for complex synergistic or antagonistic interactions between multiple stressors presents one of the largest uncertainties when predicting ecological change but, despite common use of the terms in the scientific literature, a consensus on their operational definition is still lacking. The identification of synergism or antagonism is generally straightforward when stressors operate ...