Allocation of construction risks between clients and their contractors has a significant impact on the total construction costs. This paper presents a system dynamics (SD)-based approach for quantitative risk allocation. Using the proposed SD based approach, all the factors affecting the risk allocation process are modeled. The contractor’s defensive strategies against the one-sided risk alloca...

the islamic sharia as a full legal value system with sustainable resources (qur’an and the tradition) as well as benefiting from wisdom as inner messenger is the most adaptable value system with changes of the world. the logic used in qur’an and the tradition is a multi-valued and continuous logic. in this value system, religious statements have been expressed in continuous and graded linguisti...

Population of small rodents in radiocontaminated environment is compelled to include more energy-intensive way of maintenance its ability to live — increasing of the proportion of mature young of the year (first pathway of ontogeny). Their reproductive characteristics — actual fecundity was higher, whereas embryonic mortality and the proportion of females with embryonic losses were significantl...

in this study, a novel variable impedance control for a lower-limb rehabilitation robotic system using voltage control strategy is presented. the majority of existing control approaches are based on control torque strategy, which require the knowledge of robot dynamics as well as dynamic of patients. this requires the controller to overcome complex problems such as uncertainties and nonlinearit...

In this paper, the dynamics of multicellular chopper are considered. The model is described by a continuous time three--dimensional autonomous system. Some basic dynamical properties such as Poincar'e mapping, power spectrum and chaotic behaviors are studied. Analysis results show that this system has complex dynamics with some interesting characteristics.

Pension funds are analysed as financial intermediaries using a functional approach to finance which encompasses traditional theories of intermediation. Funds fulfil a number of the functions of the financial system more efficiently than banks or direct holdings. Their growth complements that of capital markets and they have acted as major catalysts of change in the financial landscape. Financia...

Job Satisfaction (JS) plays important role as a competitive advantage in organizations especially in helth industry. Recruitment and retention of human resources are persistent problems associated with this field. Most of the researchs have focused on the job satisfaction factors and few of researches have noticed about its effects on productivity. However, little researchs have focused on the ...

One of the major challenges in robotic arms is to diagnosis sensor fault. To address this challenge, this paper presents an LPV approach. Initially, the dynamics of a two-link manipulator is modelled with a polytopic linear parameter varying structure and then by using a descriptor system approach and a robust design of a suitable unknown input observer by means of pole placement method along w...