talking about ego, in the sufis’ works, two terms of “endeavor” and “austerity” have been sometimes used focused on each other and sometimes alone. did they have similar definitions and positions in sufis’ opinion or had they been different from each other? we claim that “endeavor” and “austerity” had had different positions and of course different definitions in old texts.  it was made clear, ...

Linguists, including computational linguists, have always been fond of talking about trees. In this paper, we outline a theory of linguistic structure which talks about talking about trees; we call this theory Description theory (D-theory). While important issues must be resolved before a complete picture of D-theory emerges (and also before we can build programs which utilize it), we believe t...

In this paper, we propose a method for supporting knowledge creation in a community by talking with virtualized-egos. We propose two ideas for the community knowledge creation. The first idea is talking with virtualized community member called ”virtualized-ego”; a virtualized-ego is a software agent that mimics a community member. Virtualized-egos replay past speeches of community members and g...