Computer-based assessments are becoming more commonplace, perhaps as a necessity for faculty to cope with large class sizes. These tests often occur in large computer testing venues in which test security may be compromised. In an attempt to limit the likelihood of cheating in such venues, randomised presentation of items is automatically programmed into testing software, such that neighbouring...

The generalizability aspect of Construct validity, as proposed by Messick (1989), requires that a test measures the same trait across different samples from the same population. Differential Item functioning (DIF) analysis is a key component in the fairness evaluation of educational tests. University entrance exam for the candidates who seek admission into master's English programs (MEUEE) at I...

This paper assumes each user has more than one queue, derives a new packet-dependant proportional fairness power allocation pattern based on the sum of weight capacity and the packet’s priority in users’ queues, and proposes 4 new cross-layer packet-dependant OFDM scheduling schemes based on proportional fairness for heterogeneous classes of traffic. Scenario 1, scenario 2 and scenario 3 lead r...

The issue of temporal fairness in periodic real-time scheduling is considered. It is argued that such fairness is often a desirable characteristic in real-time schedules. A concrete criterion for temporal fairness | pfairness | is described. The weight-monotonic scheduling algorithm, a static priority scheduling algorithm for generating pfair schedules, is presented and proven correct. A feasib...

The sense of fairness has been observed in early infancy. Because many studies of fairness in adults have used economic games such as the Ultimatum Game, it has been difficult to compare fairness between adults and infants. Further, recent studies have suggested that social information about actors who behave fairly or unfairly may influence the judgement of fairness in infants. Therefore, to c...

price fairness and price satisfaction is one the most important fields in pricing and also in customer satisfaction. in this research, first the dimensions of price fairness, price satisfaction, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty are extracted from marketing literature, then five hypotheses are developed. in proposed model, price fairness has direct impact on price satisfaction, custom...

We present an experiment that attempts to separate the two commonplace explanations for behavior in ultimatum games–subjects’ concern for fairness versus the failure of subgame perfection as an equilibrium refinement. We employ a tournament structure of the bargaining interaction to eliminate the potential for fairness to influence behavior. Comparing the results of the tournament game with two...

Humans can behave fairly, but can other species? Recently we tested chimpanzees on a classic human test for fairness, the Ultimatum Game, and found that they behaved similarly to humans. In humans, Ultimatum Game behavior is cited as evidence for a human sense of fairness. By that same logic, we concluded that chimpanzees behaved fairly in our recent study. However, we make a distinction betwee...