background: vahlkampfiids contains wide variety of genuses with some known as human pathogens such as naegleria , vahlkampfia and non pathogens such as willaertia. since there was no evidence of presence of vahlkampfiids in different sources in iran, we have analyzed soil samples to clarify the presence of these amebas. methods: seven soil samples collected in tehran were analyzed to clarify th...

In the soils of forest-steppe zone Ukraine we found 12 morphotypes naked amoebae: eruptive (Vahlkampfa sp. (1), Vahlkampfa (2), Willaertia sp.), politactic (Polychaos dubium Schaeffer, 1917, Deuteramoeba mycophaga Page, 1988), monotactic (Saccamoeba stagnicola 1974, Hartmannella vermiformis 1967, Cashia limacoides 1974), lens-like (Cochliopodium (1)), striate (Thecamoeba striata Penard, 1890, T...

Our knowledge of the diversity of amoeboid protists is rapidly expanding as new and old habitats are more fully explored. In 2003, while investigating the cause of an amoeboid disease afflicting lobsters on the East Coast, samples were examined for the presence of amoebae from the carapace washings of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. During this survey a unique community of gymnamoebae...

BACKGROUND It is commonly accepted that a single primary endosymbiosis gave rise to the photosynthetic organelles of plants, the plastids. Recently, we presented evidence that photosynthetic inclusions, termed "chromatophores," present in the filose thecamoeba Paulinella chromatophora originated from an independent, more recent primary endosymbiotic event. To clarify metabolic capabilities of t...

Free-living amoebae infecting freshwater and marine fish include those described thus far as agents of fish diseases, associated with other disease conditions and isolated from organs of asymptomatic fish. This survey is based on information from the literature as well as on our own data on strains isolated from freshwater and marine fish. Evidence is provided for diverse fish-infecting amphizo...

Gill disease of fry and fingerlings associated with extensive mortality in rainbow trout freshwater farms in Denmark have been observed on an increasing number of occasions in the latest years. Clinical symptoms of hyperventilation indicate respiratory distress. Gross-pathological observations of gills show pale nodules and patches on gill filaments. Histological and scanning electron microscop...

This case is reported with the intention of highlighting the presentation of primary intestinal amoebic disease in Heckel discus Symphysodon discus. The morphology of the parasites and the pathological changes seen using light microscopy were essential. In fresh samples of intestinal content we discovered numerous amoeba-like cells. The trophozoite measures 18.6 x 10.2 mm while the cyst is 11-2...

Algae are defined by their photosynthetic organelles (plastids) that have had multiple independent origins in different phyla. These instances of organelle transfer significantly complicate inference of the tree of life for eukaryotes because the intracellular gene transfer (endosymbiotic gene transfer, EGT) associated with each round of endosymbiosis generates highly chimeric algal nuclear gen...