Periodontal diseases, common infectious diseases seen in humans, are characterized by gingival inflammation and a loss of connective tissue and bone around the roots of teeth, which leads to eventual tooth exfoliation. In the past decade, the association between periodontal diseases and the development of systemic diseases has received increasing attention. Periodontal pathogens and their produ...

Kuhn proposed in his Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) that the theoretical framework of a science (paradigm) determines how each generation of researchers construes a causal sequence. Paradigm change is infrequent and revolutionary; thereafter previous knowledge and ideas become partially redundant. This paper discusses two paradigms central to cariology. The first concerns the most s...

fusion is a developmental anomaly defined as the :union: of two normally separated tooth buds or the partial splitting of one tooth bud into two buds. depending on the stage of development, fusion may be either complete or incomplete. the significance of this particular case was that this fusion occurred in a posterior permanent mandibular tooth, while such a manifestation is more reported in m...

BACKGROUND Very little information is available on periodontal diseases in Canadian adults. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of periodontal problems in Quebec adults aged 35 to 44. METHODS A total of 2,110 randomly selected Quebec adults were examined between September 1994 and July 1995. The participation rate was 77% for the questionnaire and 44.5% for the oral exami...

Tomoki Nakashima1,2,3) and Hiroshi Takayanagi1,2,3, *) 1)Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan 2)Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Explorative Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, Takayanagi Osteonetwork Project, Tokyo, Japan 3)Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International...

Clinical signs of upper respiratory disease are common in cats. The differential diagnosis includes viral, bacterial, and fungal infections; chronic rhinosinusitis; foreign bodies; tooth root disease; neoplasia; inflammatory polyps; nasopharyngeal stenosis; and trauma. This article provides specific recommendations concerning the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the most common causes of...

opinion opinion Nature, artifice and emerging diseases T hroughout most of our history, mankind has mistrusted the natural world as lurking with dangers and predators. With the advent of urbanization, Nature, red in tooth and claw, was something that needed to be conquered and tamed. Only since industrialization and the rise of the