abstract research and development (r&d;) spending plays a major role in innovation, raising productivity and increasing economic growth. the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of r&d; spending on growth and total factor productivity (tfp) in iran's agricultural sector. we estimate growth and productivity models using auto-regressive distributed lag (ardl) approach and data over ...

using productivity index for investigating a firms’ performance makes it possible to evaluate efficiency of the production system and cost at the same time. in this study the total factor productivity (tfp) of several sugar cane varieties in imam khomeini cultivation and processing center in khuzestan province is compared. two hundred and forty eight farms are categorized on the basis of variet...

Structural change plays an important role in developing any economy, so understanding it is critical to make policies that increase total factor productivity. The structural change that leads to an efficient resource allocation after trade reforms is desirable; the key factor that can affect the relation of "structural change and trade liberalization" with productivity is the quality of institu...

in this study it is attempted to investigate the effects of government spending on total factor productivity growth in rural areas of iran. using time series data of 1971-2001, a system of equations including some of the variables affecting productivity growth was considered. the system of equations included total factor productivity, irrigation, roads and education. using the simultaneity and ...