The International Institute for Sustainable Development contributes to sustainable development by advancing policy recommendations on international trade and investment, economic policy, climate change, measurement and assessment, and natural resources management. Through the Internet, we report on international negotiations and share knowledge gained through collaborative projects with global ...

This report summarizes the current status of infrastructure development in China and the infrastructure construction demand for infrastructure development. The optional investments on infrastructure are described based on the poverty alleviation goal and economic trade goals. The finance investment mechanism for infrastructure in China is also depicted. The key issues in relate with infrastruct...

The paper provides an evaluation of the development of the South African economy since the end of apartheid in 1994. Taking the 1993 situation as the point of departure, it gives an account of the path leading to the formulation of the major policy documents, and examines to what extent their objectives have been met. It highlights poverty reduction and redistribution, stabilization (fiscal and...

The International Institute for Sustainable Development contributes to sustainable development by advancing policy recommendations on international trade and investment, economic policy, climate change, measurement and assessment, and natural resources management. Through the Internet, we report on international negotiations and share knowledge gained through collaborative projects with global ...

The International Institute for Sustainable Development contributes to sustainable development by advancing policy recommendations on international trade and investment, economic policy, climate change, measurement and assessment, and natural resources management. Through the Internet, we report on international negotiations and share knowledge gained through collaborative projects with global ...

â â â â â  farzaneh mohammadi [1] â  phd candidate in health economics, tarbiat moderes university, iran â  mostafa emadzadeh â  professor of economics, university of isfahan, iran â  azarnoush ansari â  phd candidate in business, university of isfahan, iran â â â  abstract â  sustainable development is a controversial concept which has been considered over the three decades. it is comprehensiv...

This paper explains why Indonesia’s competitiveness is falling, compared with other countries, while the economic growth seemed quite robust in recent years. After the commodity boom and quantitative easing policy was over, Indonesia is struggling to compete in the world market resulting a low rate of participation in the global production network. In addition, unclear industrial policy, downst...

We present a model in which banks trade toxic assets to raise funds for investment. The toxic assets generate an adverse selection problem and, as a consequence, the interbank asset market provides insufficient liquidity to finance investment. Investment is inefficiently low because acquiring funding requires banks to sell high-quality assets for less than their " fair " value. We analyze wheth...