The present study was conducted to compare precision and traditional agriculture by budgeting technique. Its statistical population consists of 210 experts in agricultural jihad organization of Qom province. The validity of Questionnaire as research tool ware confirmed by professors while its reliability was corroborated by Cranach’s alpha to 0.78-0.94 intervals. According to the findings, ther...

Wages in traditional agrarian societies are often observed to be above reservation wages even in the slack season when markets are in a state of excess labour supply. Models of noncooperative wage setting by landlords which explicitly take account of the costs of supervising hired labour and emphasize worker heterogeneity are developed and analyzed. Conditions are given for the existence of com...

Freshwater turtles are being exploited for meat, eggs, traditional medicine, and pet trade. As a response, turtle farming became a booming aquaculture industry in the past two decades, specifically in the southeastern states of the United States of America (US) and across Southeast Asia. However, US turtle farms are currently producing turtles only for the pet trade while commercial trappers re...

in the process of agriculture renovation in the third world that is indeed unavoidable, the indigenous agriculture knowledge and local methods in management of agriculture resources is to be destroyed and simultaneity environmental regions are on the verge of destruction. Modern agriculture prefers huge profit from resources and didn't pay attention to environmental, cultural, social and econom...