abstract: gridlock is an extreme traffic state where vehicle cannot move at all. this research studies the development of gridlock by theoretical and numerical analysis. it is shown that the development of gridlock can be divided into several stages. the core of the development is the evolution of congestion loop. a congestion loop is comprised of a number of consecutively connected spillover l...

background: injuries and fatalities from road traffic injuries are global public health concerns, and a major problem in the iran. this study aimed to explore strategies to control road traffic injuries (rti) in iran. methods: we conducted a qualitative study to explore possible ways to reduce the occurrence of road traffic injuries in iran in 2016. interviewees were purposively sampled from va...

pollution control is based on correctly measuring pollutant concentrations but, at the moment,the principal european cities only monitor pollution levels by means of a few fixed stations co-located inselected points of the urban layout far from hotspots and/or by means of meteorological prediction models offuture pollution. few cities integrate the information from both sources. the implementat...

20.1 Fundamentals of Network Traffic Monitoring and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 20.1.1 What Are the Traffic Measurement Problems? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 20.1.2 Traffic Matrix Measurement . . . . . . . . . . 385 20.1.3 Traffic VolumeMeasurement . . . . . . . . . 385 20.1.4 Traffic Dynamics Measurement . . . . . . . 385 20.1.5 Traffic Mixture ...

Traffic models play an important role in both today’s traffic research and in many traffic applications such as traffic flow prediction, incident detection and traffic control. In this paper we concentrate on motorway traffic models for traffic control. First, we discuss why traffic control is important for both practice and research. We also argue why a model-based approach to traffic control ...