Background and Objectives: The incidence of rifampin-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has attracted more attention than the tuberculosis infection due to laborious treatment and control. Recognizing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes involving in drug resistance via multiplex PCR, a simple and rapid genotyping method, is an emergency for better tre...

background: beijing family of mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) is widespread in asia and has been involved in outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in various parts of the world.  the aim of the current study was to evaluate the frequency of beijing family of m. tuberculosis in patients with tuberculosis in mashhad, iran. materials and methods: totally, 72 specimens of m. tu...

Background: Chylothorax is a rare condition caused by accumulation of chyle in the pleural cavity (2-3%). More causes are Gorham's disease and tuberculosis
 Case: A 31-year-old male complained swelling left arm shortness breath with recurrent effusion. Pleural fluid analysis showed chylous. Bone survey osteolytic lesions multiple bones as disease. Thoracic CT lung mass, atelectasis, massiv...

In most countries, tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis is mainly a disease of cattle but can infect buffalos too. The disease can be controlled successfully by mean of a test-and-slaughter program. In Iran test-and-slaughter program has started since 1971 and prevalence of bovine tuberculosis reduces from 5% to less than 0.12% in recent years. In Western Azarbaijan, North West of Iran, t...

Anti-adhesion therapy represents a potentially promising avenue for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis in a post-antibiotic era. Adhesins are surface-exposed microbial structures or molecules that enable pathogenic organisms to adhere to host surfaces, a fundamental step towards host infection. Although several Mycobacterium tuberculosis adhesins have been identified, it is predicted ...

Introduction: To recognize the predisposing factors in tuberculosis as an endemic infection in Northeast province of Iran, this study was aimed to evaluate whether HumanT-lymphocyte type 1 (HTLV-I) as an immunosuppressive factor increases the risk of tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: A Case-control study was conducted in 278 tuberculosis patients from 2007 to 2010, in Mashhad, Iran. Tubercul...

Tuberculosis increases as TB-HIV cases increase; it is caused by knowledge, unhealthy behavior, increasing poverty, TB drug resistance, and to sociodemographic environmental problems. This study aimed analyse individual risk factors for the incidence of tuberculosis. type research an observational analysis a population Tinambung community using case-control design carried out in working area He...