A calibrated radiocarbon database of late Quaternary volcanic eruptions R. U. Bryson, R. A. Bryson, and A. Ruter National Park Service, Mojave National Preserve, 2701 Barstow Road, Barstow, CA 92311, USA Center for Climatic Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1225 W. Dayton St., Madison, WI 53706, USA Received: 24 May 2006 – Accepted: 17 July 2006 – Published: 25 July 2006 Correspondence...

In this paper, we present a physics motivated modeling method for volcanic clouds as a two fluids model. Some previous methods model smoke or clouds as one fluid, but the volcanic clouds can not be treated as one fluid. The volcanic clouds consist of the pyroclasts, the volcanic gas and the entrained air. Since the pyroclasts and the volcanic gas can be treated as one fluid, called magma, the v...

Introduction Conclusions References

Volcanic hazards assessment tools are essential for risk mitigation of volcanic activities. A number of offline volcanic hazard assessment tools have been provided, but in most cases, they require relatively complex installation procedure and usage. This situation causes limited usage of volcanic hazard assessment tools among volcanologists and volcanic hazards communities. In addition, volcani...

[1] Sintering and densification are ubiquitous processes influencing the emplacement of both effusive and explosive products of volcanic eruptions. Here we sinter ash-size fragments of a synthetic National Institute of Standards and Technology viscosity standard glass at temperatures at which the resultant melt has a viscosity of ∼108-109 Pa.s at 1bar to assess sintering dynamics under near-sur...

Volcanic eruptions are major natural disturbances with varied and complex consequences. Recent studies of how plants colonize newly created volcanic surfaces already have begun to clarify our understanding of succession. Because volcanoes create disturbance mosaics, it is imperative that we more fully understand the biotic responses. The 1883 eruption of Krakatau captured the world’s imaginatio...

The animation of volcanic smoke is useful for natural disaster simulations, entertainments, etc. In this paper, we propose a model to generate realistic animations of the volcanic smoke. The model is designed by taking the eruption magnitude decided by the eruption velocity and the initial volcanic smoke density, the buoyancy generated by the difference between the volcanic smoke density and th...

Volcanic edifice construction at the Earth's surface significantly 3 modifies the stress field within the underlying crust with two main implica

Volcanic caves are filled with colorful microbial mats on the walls and ceilings. These volcanic caves are found worldwide, and studies are finding vast bacteria diversity within these caves. One group of bacteria that can be abundant in volcanic caves, as well as other caves, is Actinobacteria. As Actinobacteria are valued for their ability to produce a variety of secondary metabolites, rare a...