identification and analysis of farmers’ vulnerability associated with their risk aversion degree is one of the necessary requirements for planning and reducing impacts of drought in iran. so, this study was investigated three risk vulnerability parameters (economic, social and technical) among wheat farmers categorized in accordance with their risk aversion degree in the mashhad county (iran) b...

with increasing frequency, the developing countries and the people living there are being affected by disasters. more and more often, development efforts are being destroyed. the reason for this trend is their growing vulnerability, which in turn is the result of economic and social development processes, such as the expansion of settlements and agricultural land in risk areas. the economic and...

Identification and analysis of farmers’ vulnerability associated with their risk aversion degree is one of the necessary requirements for planning and reducing impacts of drought in Iran. So, this study was investigated three risk vulnerability parameters (economic, social and technical) among wheat farmers categorized in accordance with their risk aversion degree in the Mashhad County (Iran) b...

aim: tobacco use is one of the major causes of death worldwide and the most preventable risk factor of the coronary heart disease. the purpose of this study was to determine attitudes, risk perception and perceived vulnerability toward to water pipe (wp) smoking among male students in zarandieh city of iran. methods: this cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 400 male adolescents...

the main purpose of the study is determination of the pollutants hazard potential as well as environmental vulnerability of qarah su river. first the most significant pollutant sources in the qarah su river watershed were identified and then accordingly the pollution hazard potential rate was calculated in universal ranking system model setting. then, by generalizing the algebraic sum of the re...

In this paper, we analyze the impacts of joint energy and output prices uncertainties on the inputs demands in a mean-variance framework. We find that the concepts of elasticities and variance vulnerability play important roles in the comparative statics analysis. If the firms’ preferences exhibit variance vulnerability, increasing the variance of energy price will necessarily cause the risk av...

Introduction In this essay we explore some distinctions between vulnerability-based and risk-based approaches to management of extreme events. We use the word "vulnerability" to describe inherent characteristics of a system that create the potential for harm but are independent of the probabilistic “risk” of the occurrence of any particular hazard or extreme event. We distinguish between the “r...

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introduction vulnerability is a logical effect outcome from risk of living over the hazardous regions as well as the resiliency capacity of people for recovers the damages of hazard events. vulnerability is a complex phenomenon which can effect and observe in from of environmental, political and c-social-economical vulnerability. according to land subsidence hazard affected over the residential...