conclusions as we can see the ann outputs values are very close to actual cu concentration, so indicating that predicted values are accurate and the network design is proper and the input variables well suitable for the prediction of cu concentration. background access to safe drinking water is one of the basic human rights and essential for healthy life. concerns about the effects of copper on...

large water distribution systems can be highly vulnerable to penetration of contaminant factors caused by different means including deliberate contamination injections. as contaminants quickly spread into a water distribution network, rapid characterization of the pollution source has a high measure of importance for early warning assessment and disaster management. in this paper, a methodology...

background: this study aimed to evaluated trends for iron and manganese concentrations in wells, reservoirs, and water distribution networks in qom city during the summer of 2012. methods: this was a cross-sectional study. the studied scopes consisted of groundwater (60 wells), reservoirs (10 tanks), and water distribution network (33 points). one sample was taken from each source monthly. stat...

the main objective followed in this research was to study some of the factors influencing water users' participation in management of the irrigation and drainage networks on the lands under jiroft dam. the kind of research method of the study was a descriptive- correlational one. the statistical population of the study consisted of all the water users of irrigation and drainage networks ac...

the main objective of this study was to develop an assessment model for the virtual water of irrigation networks using analytical hierarchy process. for this purpose, 14 modern irrigation networks of iran were selected. also, 14 effective factors on the virtual water of these systems were considered as decision criteria. expert choice software was used for ranking the virtual water values of th...

a water distribution network is subjected to various abnormal conditions such as pipe breaks, pump failures, excessive demands etc. in the design period. under such conditions, the network may not be able to meet required demands at desired pressures, and becomes deficient. traditional network analysis assumes nodal demands to be satisfied and available nodal pressures are calculated. however, ...

a methodology is presented in this paper to find optimal location and dosage of chlorine injection in water distribution networks. the objective is to minimize the chlorine consumption while keeping the residual chlorine at each node within the standard range. unfortunately because of wrong water quality management in water distribution networks in many parts of the world, many problems such as...

Background: This study aimed to evaluated trends for iron and manganese concentrations in wells, reservoirs, and water distribution networks in Qom city during the summer of 2012. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The studied scopes consisted of groundwater (60 wells), reservoirs (10 tanks), and water distribution network (33 points). One sample was taken from each source monthly. Stat...