the north bosque river (nbr) was included in the clean water act § 303(d) impaired list. the texas institute for applied environmental research used the soil water assessment tool (swat) to develop a phosphorus (p) total maximum daily load. swat was modified to dynamically change manure application rates based on simulated annual soil p, change areas receiving manure, alter manure quantities ea...

Watershed protection may be a fine idea, but how much does it cost? How does it change the bottom line for the region, the development community, landowners and residents alike? This question is increasingly being posed to those advocating better watershed protection. In this article, we review economic research on the costs and benefits of employing watershed management tools and tally the sco...

Hydrological Simulation Program Fortan (HSPF) is a mathematical modelling program developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). HSPF is used for simulating of watershed hidrology and water quality. In this paper, an evolutionary algorithm is applied to automated watershed model calibration. The calibration stage of the model is very important in order to reduce the error...

The Cannonsvifle Reservoir watershed is a major component of the unfiltered New York City water suppiy system. The voluntary, incentive-based Watershed Agricultural Program is a collaborative effort among producers, federal, state, and local organizations to address the problem of phosphorus loading effects on water quality through implementation of whole-farm plans. The effectiveness of select...

In order to maintain a proper balance between development pressure and water resources protection, and also to improve public participation, efficient tools and techniques for soil and water conservation projects are needed. This paper describes the development and application of a web-based watershed management spatial decision support system, WebWMPI. The WebWMPI uses the Watershed Management...

The Soque River Watershed Partnership received CWA §319 funding to perform a comprehensive baseline assessment of the biological, chemical, and physical health of the watershed. Certain stream segments in the Soque basin violate State water quality standards for bacteria and sediments. The assessment is designed to identify and prioritize areas for both protection and remediation. Rapid bioasse...

The paper discusses different approaches of watershed management programs implemented in South Asian countries, with special reference to Nepal based on existing literature and field experiences. Watershed degradation, particularly in mountainous areas, is critical problem in South Asian countries. A participatory approach has been adopted in watershed and natural resource management during the...

Watershed management is a “process of formulation and carrying out of a course of action involving modification of the natural system of watersheds to achieve specified objectives” (Biswas, 2002). Much of watershed management has largely to do with risk assessment and minimizing adverse effects on human populations. To accomplish their specified objectives, professionals in the field of watersh...

An interactive and participative approach to involve and mobilise rural communities in water quality control programmes was investigated. Agro-rural watersheds are experiencing serious environmental degradation mainly because of inappropriate land use practices due to various competing and opposing priorities in the community. The communities tend to concentrate on availability of land and wate...

How do farmers in poor, remote upper-watershed areas of developing countries respond to price signals? Until relatively recently, it was widely assumed that most upland agriculture was primarily for subsistence. If correct, this has important implications for the design of upland development programs, as subsistence farmers, by definition, are beyond the reach of economic policies, and programs...