a total of 698 blood and serum specimens from residents of 13 iranian communities were examined by plaque reduction neutralization test for antibodies to west nile virus. in general, infection rates in the north of the country were low while higher rates were observed among residents of central and southwestern iran. the highest prevalence of infection was found among residents of khuzestan pro...

background: west nile virus (wnv) is a vector-borneagent that is maintained within a bird-mosquito cycle. in humansand equids, infection by this agent is usually asymptomatic, orcharacterized by a mild febrile illness. however, fatal meningoencephalitisor encephalitis may occur. objectives:the aim ofthis study was to evaluate the prevalence of wnvinfection andcorrelation of this organism with h...

In July-September 2012, one month earlier than in previous years, 13 confirmed human cases of West Nile virus infection were diagnosed in northern Italy, including five with neuroinvasive disease, three with West Nile fever, and five West Nile virus (WNV)-positive blood donors. In nine cases, the presence of the WNV lineage 1a Livenza strain, characterised in 2011, was ascertained. Symptomatic ...

background: geographic distribution of west nile virus (wnv) is heterogeneous in iran by a high circulation in the southern-western areas. the objective of our study was to determine environmental and climatic factors associ­ated with the risk of wnv equine seropositivity in iran. methods: serological data were obtained from a serosurvey conducted in equine population in 260 districts in iran. ...

b a ckground: west nile virus (wnv) is a mosquito-borne disease that can cause fatal infection in mammals in-cluding humans, dogs, horses, birds and reptiles. although west nile virus is an asymptomatic infection, especially it can cause neurologic disorders in humans and horses. the aim of this study was to the investigate virological pres- ence of wnv in horses in the black sea region of turk...

patient with West Nile virus infection. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121(2):205-207. 2. Garg S, Jampol LM. Systemic and intraocular manifestations of West Nile virus infection. Surv Ophthalmol. 2005;50(1):3-13. 3. Garg S, Jampol LM, Wilson JF, Batlle IR, Buettner H. Ischemic and hemorrhagic retinal vasculitis associated with West Nile virus infection. Retina. 2006; 26(3):365-367. 4. Chan CK, Limstrom ...

We report the generation of West Nile virus (WNV) infectious clones for the pathogenic lineage 1 Texas-HC2002 and nonpathogenic lineage 2 Madagascar-AnMg798 strains. The infectious clones exhibited biological properties similar to those of the parental virus isolates. We generated chimeric viruses and found that viral factors within the structural and nonstructural regions of WNV-TX contribute ...

West Nile virus is a neurotropic virus transmitted to humans via an infected mosquito bite. The increase in the incidences and fatalities of West Nile virus disease has made West Nile virus an important pathogen. Here we describe a case of a 65-year-old man with fever and diplopia presenting to the emergency department during a fall season and who was later diagnosed with West Nile virus infect...

West Nile virus causes sporadic disease in the Eastern hemisphere that is often asymptomatic or mild, whereas in the Western hemisphere, West Nile virus has been associated with illness and profound mortality in many avian species. West Nile virus might have been transported to North America by an infected mosquito or the virus could have entered within a vertebrate host like a bird. Although t...

1. Hayes EB, Sejvar JJ, Zaki SR, Lanciotti RS, Bode AV, Campbell GL. Virology, pathology, and clinical manifestations of West Nile virus disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005;11:1174–9. 2. Hayes EB, Gubler DJ. West Nile virus: epidemiology and clinical features of an emerging epidemic in the United States. Annu Rev Med. 2006;57:181–94. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.med.57.121304.131418 3. Burt FJ, Grobbelaar ...