Ca K edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy was utilized for the characterization and quantification of calcium carbonate polymorphs and their mixtures. The advantage of the XAFS is the small sample quantity required for measurements, and a flexible sample environment. The near-edge XAFS spectra of calcite, aragonite and vaterite were measured with the conversion electron yiel...

The design and performance of the high-brilliance XAFS facility at BL10XU of SPring-8, aimed at rapid and sensitive measurement of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), is reported. Both undulator gap and double-crystal monochromator have been successfully controlled covering a wide energy range (5-30 keV). A versatile goniometer system, consisting of two independent high-precision goniometer...

This issue brings together papers from the 10th International Conference on X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS X) held in Chicago in August 1998. This is one of the major synchrotron radiation conferences, held every two years since 1981 when the ®rst international meeting of XAFS experts was held in Daresbury, coincident with the operation of the ®rst of the second-generation dedicated sync...

Introduction Over the last two decades X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) spectroscopy has emerged as an incisive probe of the local structure around selected atomic species in solids, liquids, and molecular gases. Foremost among its strengths are its applicability to amorphous materials and its \tunability" { the ability to probe the environments of di erent elements in the sample by selec...

XAFS spectra of palladium(II) in concentrated HNO3/HClO4 acid mixtures have been recorded and analyzed. Structural parameters of the Pd(H2O)4(2+) complex and the mixed nitric Pd(NO3)2(H2O)2 complex, for the first time, were determined by the XAFS method. For pure 5 M HClO4 and for mixtures (0-0.3 M HNO3), the XAFS spectra of the 0.02 M Pd solutions are indeed very similar and originated from fo...

We propose a standard data format for the interchange of XAFS data. The XAFS Data Interchange (XDI) standard is meant to encapsulate a single spectrum of XAFS along with relevant metadata. XDI is a text-based format with a simple syntax which clearly delineates metadata from the data table in a way that is easily interpreted both by a computer and by a human. The metadata header is inspired by ...

A novel XAFS measurement system has been developed in which XAFS measurements can be performed including sample-loading and detector adjustments. With this system, XAFS measurements of up to 80 samples in both transmission and fluorescence modes can be carried out. The adjustment of the optical components has also been automated. It not only saves manpower and measurement time, but also improve...

The structure of thin copper oxide layers which are formed on metallic Cu due to the exposure to air are investigated with Yoneda-XAFS and ReflEXAFS. The measured Yoneda-XAFS data were compared to quantitative model calculations in the framework of the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) assuming different model structures for the oxide layer. Yoneda-XAFS fine structure spectra measured fo...

XAFS structures are solved routinely and hundreds of publications appear per annum. Limitations in theoretical predictions and XAFS analytical frameworks lead to significant uncertainty in results. This impairs structural predictions and prevents ab initio determination. The highest accuracy experimental data have been obtained using the XERT and the most popular technique to analyse the struct...

A new XAFS beamline NW10A using bending magnet radiation from 6.5 GeV PF-AR has been constructed. NW10A consists of a Si(311) double crystal monochromator and a Pt-coated bent cylindrical focusing mirror and provides focused X-ray beam between 8 and 42 keV. The obtained flux through a 1mm square slit is 1×10 ph/s at 20 keV and 7×10 ph/s at 30keV, which are 20 and 200 times more intense than obt...