We present a new ion kinetic model describing the ignition and burn of the deuterium-tritium fuel of inertial fusion targets. The analysis of the underlying physical model enables us to develop efficient numerical methods to simulate the creation, transport and collisional relaxation of fusion reaction products (α-particles) at a kinetic level. A two-energy-scale approach provides a framework f...

Helium( 4 He, or α)is the second most abundant element in observable Universe. The α-particle induced reactions such as(α, γ), (α, n) and p) play a crucial role nuclear astrophysics, especially for understanding stellar heliumburning. Because of strong Coulomb repulsion, it is greatly hindered to directly measure cross sections these α-capture at energies. Alpha-cluster transfer reaction powerf...

background: the effect of poor psychosocial work conditions on health status has widely been discussed in occupational literature. job content questionnaire (jcq) is a widely accepted instrument for evaluation of psychosocial work conditions. objective: to determine the reliability and validity of persian version of jcq. methods: the questionnaire was translated into persian and back translated...

In new product design, risk averse firms must consider downside risk in addition to expected profitability, since some designs are associated with greater market uncertainty than others. We propose an approach to robust optimal product design for profit maximization by introducing an α-profit metric to manage expected profitability vs. downside risk due to uncertainty in market share prediction...

Identifying communities (or clusters), namely groups of nodes with comparatively strong internal connectivity, is a fundamental task for deeply understanding the structure and function of a network. Yet, there is a lack of formal criteria for defining communities and for testing their significance. We propose a sharp definition that is based on a quality threshold. By means of a lumped Markov c...

Porous starch granules (PSGs) with various pores and cavity sizes were prepared by amylolysis enzymes. The greatest hydrolysis rate on corn starch granule was observed with α-amylase, followed by gluco- and β-amylases. Temperature increase enhanced glucoamylase reaction rate more drastically than other enzyme treatments. Final hydrolysis level with glucoamylase reached to 66.9%, close to 67.5% ...

The foundations of efficient management are laid on transport networks in various scientific and industrial fields. Nonetheless, establishing an optimum network design (TND) is complicated due to uncertainty the operating environment. As a result, uncertain may be more realistic representation actual network. present study deals with TND problem which programming greedy randomized adaptive sear...

The present paper aims at studying factors affecting knowledge workers’ productivity in national Iranian Oil Company, using descriptive survey method. 90 experts working at staff divisions were sampled, using census method and responded to a reliably confirmed questionnaire. One sample t test revealed at α= 0.05 that individual level factors, such as competence, job satisfaction, proficiency ha...

Hyperhomocysteinemia is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have shown that phytoestrogen α-zearalanol can protect cardiovascular system from hyperhomocysteinemia and ameliorate the level of plasma total homocysteine; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. The aim of this research is to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms involved in ...

The background field approach to multi-loop calculations in gauge field theories is presented. A relation between the gauge-invariant effective action computed using this method and the effective action of the conventional functional approach is derived. Feynman rules are given and renormalization is discussed. It is shown that the renormalization programme can be carried out without any refere...