gene delivery might be affected by several tribulations based on carrier/vector applied. bacteriophages lambda and m13 have different genome conformations; linear double-stranded and circular single-stranded respectively. therefore, it might be expected that these two common classes of gene delivery vehicles will have different capacity for gene delivery and expression in eukaryote cells. to ad...

In the last decade, there has been a continued effort to produce families of strong linearizations of a matrix polynomial P (λ), regular and singular, with good properties, such as, being companion forms, allowing the recovery of eigenvectors of a regular P (λ) in an easy way, allowing the computation of the minimal indices of a singular P (λ) in an easy way, etc. As a consequence of this resea...

BACKGROUND HCV replication in persistently infected cell culture remains resistant to IFN-α/RBV combination treatment, whereas IFN-λ1 induces viral clearance. The antiviral mechanisms by which IFN-λ1 induces sustained HCV clearance have not been determined. AIM To investigate the mechanisms by which IFN-λ clears HCV replication in an HCV cell culture model. METHODS IFN-α sensitive (S3-GFP) ...

A simple method to determine fluorescence emission spectra of proteins in solid state is described. The available commercial accessories can only accommodate solid samples and hence do not allow a direct comparison between fluorescence spectra of a sample in solution and solid state form. Such comparisons are valuable to monitor the changes in protein structure when it is “dried” or immobilized...

PURPOSE Although chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been treated with the combination of interferon alpha (IFN-α) and ribavirin (RBV) for over a decade, the mechanism of antiviral synergy is not well understood. We aimed to determine the synergistic antiviral mechanisms of IFN-α and RBV combination treatment using HCV cell culture. METHODS The antiviral efficacy of IFN-α, RBV alone...

Objective(s):N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a candidate gene for tumor suppression. The expression of NDRG2 is down-regulated in several tumors including lung cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of NDRG2 overexpression on invasion, migration, and enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and -9 (MMP-9) in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.  Ma...

the green fluorescent protein (gfp) was originally isolated from the jellyfish aequorea victoria that fluoresces green when exposed to blue light. gfp protein is composed of 238 amino acids with the molecular mass of 26.9 kd. the gfp gene is frequently used in cellular and molecular biology as a reporter gene. to date, many bacterial, yeast , fungal, plants, fly and mammalian cells, including h...