Background: Although endometrial cancer is primarily a disease of the postmenopausal female, 25% of patients are premenopausal, with 3-5% in women 40 years old or younger. The younger group of women with endometrial carcinoma are frequently nulligravid with a history of infertility, and a strong desire to preserve fertility. This may pose a therapeutic dilemma for both patients and treating phy...

Breakthrough bleeding (BTB) is the cause of 50% of discontinuations of use by long-acting progestogen-only contraceptive users. BTB appears to be associated with capillaries of abnormal morphology and fragility. Disturbances in vessels integrity, intercellular junctions or alteration of the basement membrane (BM) composition has been proposed to contribute toward the fragility of these capillar...

The most important cause of postmenopausal bleeding is endometrial cancer but tuberculosis accounts for only 1% of the postmenopausal metrorrhagia. The association of these two disorders is extremely rare. The presented case is a 58-year-old postmenopausal woman complaining of a bloody vaginal discharge and pelvic pain. The laparatomy was performed and histologic examination of the uterus dis...

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract. Different molecular alterations have been described in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma that, the most frequently altered gene is mutations of PTEN. Up to 50-83% of endometrioid carcinoma reveal altered PTEN characterized by loss of expression. In endometrial hyperplasia, which are precursors of endom...

Background: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy however, mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain obscure. Endometrial carcinoma has been classified into two major categories: type I (related to estrogen or endometrioid adenocarcinoma) and type II (unrelated to estrogen). Estrogen is the main trigger for the abnormal proliferation in the endometrial epithel...

زمینه: امروزه مهارکننده­های اروماتاز نظیر لتروزول به عنوان روشی ارزان، مفید و کم خطر جهت القای تخمک­گذاری در بیماران مقاوم به کلومیفن سیترات ( cc ) مطرح هستند.   هدف: مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثر لتروزول جهت القای تخمک­گذاری در بیماران مقاوم به کلومیفن سیترات انجام شد.   مواد و روش­ها: این کارآزمایی بالینی آینده­نگر در سال 1388 بر روی بیماران مراجعه­کننده به درمانگاه نازایی کوثر قزوین انجام شد. 30...

Background and purpose: This study is accomplished to compare the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial aspiration biopsy and transvaginal hysterosonography vs curettage of endometrium in primary diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleedings. Materials and methods : This prospective, controlled and clinical study was accomplished from January 20 th 1999 through 19 th 2000. Ât first 50 patients...

Hysteroscopy is a new and precise method for evaluating of uterus, so it is valuable in evaluating infertile women. In 18 months, 363 hysteroscopies were done on patients who were visited in IVF center of Shariati Hospital for treatment of infertility. Incidence of abnormal hysteroscopy was 18%. 32% of these abnormal hysteroscopies was endometrial hyperplasia. In evaluating of laparoscopy and o...

مقدمه: اینترلوکین 1 از جمله سیتوکین های پلی پپتیدی می باشد که در تمام بافتهای بدن وجود داشته و در تغییرات التهابی آن نقش دارد. اینترلوکین 1 به عنوان سیتوکین هشدار دهنده بدن در مکانیسم های دفاعی بخصوص در پاسخ های ایمنولوژیکی شناخته شده است. گیرنده های اینترلوکین در بافتهای مختلف و از جمله در اپی تلیوم اندومتری رحم موجود بوده و در دوران قبل از لانه گزینی گیرنده آگونیست آن افزایش یافته و در نتیجه ...