Values have been noted as integral elements of an electronic business model (BM) while value creation has been considered as a central strategic task in e-business planning. It has also been suggested that performance measurement and strategic management should focus on the value creation process. In recent years, the balanced scorecard (BSC) has evolved to become a dominant strategic managemen...

Some indexes are necessary for performance evaluation of a management system. Balanced scorecard (BSC) is used in order to extraction of these indexes for evaluating the necessary performances in the evaluation process. Utilization of BSC causes to prevent in increasing information and data. Furthermore, all of the important indexes are considered in evaluation performance.Data envelopment anal...

Ariane Galaup, PhD; Elisa Gomez, PhD; Rachid Souktani, PhD; Mélanie Durand, BSc; Aurélie Cazes, MD, PhD; Catherine Monnot, PhD; Jérémie Teillon, PhD; Sébastien Le Jan, PhD; Claire Bouleti, MD; Gaëlle Briois, Bsc; Josette Philippe, BSc; Sandrine Pons, PhD; Valérie Martin, BSc; Rana Assaly, PhD; Philippe Bonnin, MD, PhD; Philippe Ratajczak, PhD; Anne Janin, MD, PhD; Gavin Thurston, PhD; David M. ...

OBJECTIVES A recent randomized study showed switch maintenance with pemetrexed after nonpemetrexed-containing first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer to prolong overall survival by 2.8 months. We examined the cost-effectiveness of pemetrexed in this indication, from the perspective of the Swiss health care system, and assessed the influence of the costs of be...

We present and demonstrate a multi-criteria approach for evaluating R&D projects in different stages of their life cycle. Our approach integrates the balanced scorecard (BSC) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) and develops an extended DEA model. The input and output measures for the integrated DEA–BSC model are grouped in “cards” which are associated with a “BSC for R&D projects”. The BSC is e...

Basosquamous carcinoma (BsC) is a controversial entity and both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. BsC has mixed histopathological characteristics of both basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). BCC and SCC display characteristic histopathology and behaviour; on the other hand, BsC is a rare tumour, which has variable morphology and displays less predictable behaviour...

Article Type Research Article Authors Fahimi Manzari Sh.1 BSc, Askarramaki Sh.* BSc, Sam Sh.2 PhD, Pourghasem M.3 PhD

Morphological and physiological characteristics of biological soil crusts (BSCs) enhance soil stability and fertility, and influence soil chemistry. However, the effect of BSCs on soil physico-chemical properties may vary depending on taxa (cyanobacteria, lichen, bryophytes) and species, and be susceptible to soil surface disturbance. We examined a wide variety of soil physico-chemical properti...