The main active form of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in the circulation is alpha ANP(1-28) [gamma-ANP(99-126)], although some active and inactive metabolites are also though to be present. Some immunoassays for alpha ANP reportedly detect inactive metabolites, as determined by their comparison with results by receptor assay, which would lead to misleading results for alpha ANP(1-28) measure...

سیستم حمل‌ونقل ریلی از تعامل مجموعه‌ای تجهیزات و عملیات تشکیل‌ شده است که توانایی ظرفیت یک در بار مسافر را تعیین می‌کند. بدین‌منظور، محاسبة پیش‌بینی نحوة تغییرات آن مهم شناخت آن‌ کمک شایانی به ارتقای سطح بهره‌برداری شبکة روش‌های گوناگونی برای وجود دارد با توجه نوع شبکه شیوة استفاده این روش‌ها، می‌توان آنها بهره گرفت. ظرفیت، توانمندی‌های سیستم‌های اطلاعات مکانی می‌شود تحت وب، وضعیت ظرفیتی عملیات...

The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a member of the natriuretic peptide family, is a cardiovascular hormone which possesses well defined natriuretic, diuretic, and vasodilating properties. Most of the biological effects of ANP aremediated through its guanylyl cyclase coupled A receptor. Because ANP and its receptors have been shown to be expressed and differentially regulated in the immune sy...

In vitro release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from atria was examined by ANP radioimmunoassay. Isolated right rat atria were incubated in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer, and test substances were added to the incubation medium. The fluid was assayed for rat ANP by a radioimmunoassay method recently developed in our laboratory. We produced an antiserum to human ANP(99-216) (alpha-hANP(1-2...

OBJECTIVE The first aim of this work was to investigate, under basal conditions in adult male rats, the long-term consequences of perinatal maternal food restriction on the plasma concentrations of vasopressin (VP), aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and on plasma renin activity (PRA). Furthermore, under these same conditions, the hypothalamic VP gene expression as well as the den...

Hyperosmolality has been known to increase ANP release. However, its physiological role in the regulation of atrial myocytic ANP release and the mechanism by which hyperosmolality increases ANP release are to be defined. The purpose of the present study was to define these questions. Experiments were performed in perfused beating rabbit atria. Hyperosmolality increased atrial ANP release, cAMP ...

The biological effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) are mediated by natriuretic peptide receptors (NPRs), which can either activate guanylyl cyclase (NPRA and NPRB) or inhibit adenylyl cyclase (NPRC) to modulate intracellular cGMP or cAMP, respectively. During cardiac development, ANP serves as an early maker of differentiating atrial and ventricular chamber myocardium. As development pr...