Liquid Water Inside Ceres: The icy dwarf planet Ceres (radius ≈475 km, density 2.1 g.cm−3, semi-major axis 2.8 AU) is the only body besides the Earth and Mars where carbonates have been observed along with brucite, another product of aqueous alteration [1]. Ceres will be visited by the Dawn spacecraft in 2015, which will offer an opportunity to constrain the origin of this large icy body. For e...

We use the clathrate hydrate trapping theory (Lunine & Stevenson 1985) and the gas drag formalism of Weidenschilling (1977) to calculate the composition of ices incorporated in the interior of Ceres. In the spirit of the work of Cyr et al. (1998), and using a time dependent solar nebula model, we show that icy solids can drift from beyond 5 AU to the present location of the asteroid and be pres...

[1] Clouds and the Earth’s radiant energy system (CERES) is a satellite-based remote sensing system designed to monitor the Earth’s radiation budget. In this paper we examine uncertainties in the angular distribution models (ADMs) used by CERES over permanently snow covered surfaces with clear skies. These ADMs are a key part of the CERES data processing algorithms, used to convert the observed...

sarah was  a 22 year old woman who passing her first pregnancy.  the  pregnancy was unplanned and random and she did not know her last menstrual history. he was visited at home by a midwife community health. no important problem was found in his medical history but he was  smoking 20 cigarettes daily . it was noteworthy that saeed ,his wife, had transient neonatal diabetes history. although sar...