Increased solar absorption is an important driver of Arctic Amplification, the interconnected set processes and feedbacks by which temperatures respond more rapidly than global to climate forcing. The amount sunlight absorbed in strongly modulated seasonal ice snow cover. Sea declines shorter periods cover recent decades have increased absorption, amplifying local warming relative planet as a w...

Extreme precipitation events are one of the most dangerous hydrometeorological disasters, often resulting in significant human and socio-economic losses worldwide. It is therefore important to use current global climate models project future changes extremes. The present study aims assess extremes over South Asia from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) Global Climate Models (...

This article introduces the second generation CMCC Earth System Model (CMCC-ESM2) that extends a number of marine and terrestrial biogeochemical processes with respect to its CMIP5 predecessor. In particular, land biogeochemistry was extended wider set carbon pools plant functional types, along prognostic representation nitrogen cycle. The ecosystem reshaped toward an intermediate complexity lo...

This paper evaluates sea surface temperature (SST) biases of coupled models participating in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and CMIP6. Overall, CMIP6 perform better than CMIP5 ones reproducing SST climatology, with lower multi-model ensemble mean (MME) globally averaged absolute bias (1.17 vs. 1.31 K). MME global annual shifts from cooling (−0.09 ± 0.52 K) to warming (0.2...

Due to its wide-ranging impacts, predicting decadal variations of sea surface temperature (SST) in the subpolar North Atlantic remains a key goal climate science. Here, we compare representation observed SST since 1960 initialized and uninitialized historical simulations from 5th 6th phases Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5/6). Initialized hindcasts CMIP6 explain 88% variance post-19...

Abstract As a dominant climate mode of the southeast Indian Ocean, Ningaloo Niño/Niña has paramount impacts on regional and marine ecosystems. Using outputs from latest phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), we have systematically evaluated simulation in state‐of‐the‐art coupled models. Eighteen out 28 CMIP6 models well reproduce spatial pattern seasonality Niño/Niña, whereas simu...