Renal hypodysplasia (RHD) is characterized by a reduced nephron number, small kidney size, and disorganized renal tissue. A hereditary basis has been established for a subset of affected patients, suggesting a major role of developmental genes that are involved in early kidney organogenesis. Gene mutations that have dominant inheritance and cause RHD, urinary tract anomalies, and defined extrar...

In this paper we present methods to generate a Description Logic (DL) theory from a given First Order Logic (FOL) theory, such that each DL axiom is entailed by the given FOL theory. This is obtained by rewriting the given FOL formulas. If this method is applied to an ontology specification in FOL the resulting DL specification is still grounded on the same semantics but clearly weaker than the...

Cell specific gene silencing effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN), synthetic small interfering RNA (siRNA-S), and siRNA expressing plasmid (siRNA-P) were comparatively evaluated. Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) and PEI-graft-poly(ethylene glycol)-folate (PEI-PEG-FOL) conjugate were used to form nanosized polyelectrolyte complexes with the above three nucleic acids coding for inhibition o...

This thesis has been accepted as part of the honors requirements in the Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. _____________________________________ ____________________ (advisor signature) (date) _____________________________________ ____________________ (reader signature) (date) 2 Table of Contents • Acknowledgments • Abstract • Introduction • Materials and Methods • Results • Discuss...

In modal deontic logics, the focus is on inferring logical consequences, for example inferring whether or not an obligation O mail, to mail a letter, logically implies O [mail  burn] ,an obligation to mail or burn the letter. Here I present an alternative approach in which obligations are sentences (such as mail) in first-order logic (FOL), and the focus is on satisfying those sentences by mak...

The tomato I-3 and I-7 genes confer resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) race 3 and were introgressed into the cultivated tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, from the wild relative Solanum pennellii. I-3 has been identified previously on chromosome 7 and encodes an S-receptor-like kinase, but little is known about I-7. Molecular markers have been developed for the marker-assisted...

The syntax of abstract meaning representations (AMRs) can be defined recursively, and a systematic translation to first-order logic (FOL) can be specified, including a proper treatment of negation. AMRs without recurrent variables are in the decidable two-variable fragment of FOL. The current definition of AMRs has limited expressive power for universal quantification (up to one universal quant...

Abstract The tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetables grown globally. However, production tomatoes restricted by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). This study aims to investigate ability Fol-resistant genotypes be a rootstock for susceptible cultivar. In this study, cultivar was grafted on rootstocks same species (intraspecific), and grafting compatibi...

OWL DL corresponds to a Description Logic (DL) that is a fragment of classical first-order predicate logic (FOL). Therefore, the standard methods of automated reasoning for full FOL can potentially be used instead of dedicated DL reasoners to solve OWL DL reasoning tasks. In this paper we report on some experiments designed to explore the feasibility of using existing general-purpose FOL prover...