Partial 18S rRNA sequences of five chelicerate arthropods plus a crustacean, myriapod, insect, chordate, echinoderm, annelid, and platyhelminth were compared. The sequence data were used to infer phylogeny by using a maximum-parsimony method, an evolutionary-distance method, and the evolutionary-parsimony method. The phylogenetic inferences generated by maximum-parsimony and distance methods su...

Der wissenschaftliche Name Arthropoda wurde wiederholt mit verschiedenen falschen Urheberangaben zitiert. Die unbefriedigende Situation 2013 überprüft und die „korrekte Zitierung“auf der Grundlage verfügbaren Literatur „Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848“bestätigt. Hier wird Recherche historischer um zusätzliche Quellen aus Biodiversity Heritage Library erweitert. Das griechische zusammengesetzte Sub...

1. The electrolyte composition, the pH, and freezing points of the fluids of several invertebrates and one primitive chordate are reported. 2. Fluids of the worms, echinoderms, and the clam Venus were isotonic with sea water; fluids of the Arthropoda were hypertonic to sea water. 3. The pH of all fluids was below that of sea water. In the Arthropoda and Myxine less individual variation in pH ap...

treatments with secretion of female accessory gland and micropyle cap substance. Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol. 14, 381391. Engelmann, F. (1970). The Physiology of Insect Reproduction. Pergamon, New York. Gillett, C. 0 988). Arthropoda-Insecta. In Reproductive Biology of invertebrates. Vol III. Accessory Sex Glands. (K. G. and R. G. Adiyodi, Eds.), pp. 319-471. Wiley, New York. Gillott, C. (1...

'Pancrustacea' and 'Panarthropoda' are commonly used terms in arthropod systematics. Yet, both terms suffer from a severe shortcoming: they are not equivalent to any possible pan-monophylum concept applied to (any form of) 'Crustacea' or 'Arthropoda'. Therefore, both terms lack precision and can refer to quite different monophyletic groups. With this they do not provide the precision of alterna...

A new type of photoreceptor for the phylum Arthropoda, found in the class Collembola (Arthropoda, Hexapoda) is reported. This new light-sensitive structure consists of a pair of interocular vesicles present in the genus Vesicephalus Richards, 1964 and is anatomically related to the cluster of ommatidia. The absence of a lens, the presence of a rabdome in the upper part of the vesicle and the re...

The complete 18S rDNA gene sequence of Macrobiotus group hufelandi (Tardigrada) was obtained and aligned with 18S rDNA and rRNA gene sequences of 24 metazoans (mainly protostomes). Discrete character (maximum-parsimony) and distance (neighbor-joining) methods were used to infer their phylogeny. The evolution of bootstrap proportions with sequence length (pattern of resolved nodes, PRN) was stud...

Chemosensory-related gene (CRG) families have been studied extensively in insects, but their evolutionary history across the Arthropoda had remained relatively unexplored. Here, we address current hypotheses and prior conclusions on CRG family evolution using a more comprehensive data set. In particular, odorant receptors were hypothesized to have proliferated during terrestrial colonization by...