In a universe expanding as per the Big Bang or Steady State theory the cosmic redshifts should increase exponentially with time, which is not actually observed. So the universe is NOT expanding. In Unified Theory’s non-expanding universe the total energy-mass content is eternally conserved with NO ‘initial creation of matter from nothing’ in a single big explosive event of the Big Bang theory o...

The quantum theory of the Maxwell free field in Coulomb gauge on de Sitter expanding universe is completed with technical elements needed for building a coherent redshift. Paying special attention to conserved observables and defining projection operator selecting detected momenta it shown that expectation values energies emitted photons comply Lema\^ itre rule Hubble's law. Moreover, correctio...

We consider string theory in a time dependent orbifold with a null singularity. The singularity separates a contracting universe from an expanding universe, thus constituting a big crunch followed by a big bang. We quantize the theory both in light-cone gauge and covariantly. We also compute some tree and one loop amplitudes which exhibit interesting behavior near the singularity. Our results a...

wewanttofindthecosmologicalconstantinfluenceoncosmicmicrowavebackground(cmb)temperatureduetomovinglinearcosmicstrings.usingthespace-timemetricofalinearcosmicstringinanacceleratedexpandinguniverse,thegott-kaiser stebbins(gks)effect,asanimportantmechanisminproducingtemperaturediscontinuityinthe(cmb),isconsidered;then,itsmodificationduetotheeffectofthecosmologicalconstantiscalculated.theresultshowsthat...