the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of implicit focus on form through input flooding and the effect of noticing, explicit focus on form on linguistic accuracy. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 86 iranian pre-intermediate efl learners of one of the language institutes were chosen by means of administering ket as the homogeneity test. these learners were pretested throug...

this study attempted to explore if teaching english collocations through two different modes of awareness-raising and input flooding has any possible differential effect on immediate retention as well as retention in a delayed assessment. it also compared the possible differential effect of teaching english collocations implicitly and explicitly on actively using the items in writing. m...

Rice is one of the high water consuming crops and it is important to utilize methods in its production to promote water use efficiency. In order to achieve this purpose, a split plot experiment was conducted in direct-seeding of rice in Kazerun region of Fars province, Iran, in 2007. Five irrigation treatments (full-season flooding, full-season alternating, flooding until tillering stage, flood...