Hydrometers are simple but effective instruments for measuring the density of liquids. In this work, we studied the effect of non-uniform density of liquid on a hydrometer reading. The effect induced by vertical temperature gradients was investigated theoretically and experimentally. A method for compensating for the effect mathematically was developed and tested with experimental data obtained...

Fortified wines, such as Port-style wines, can be made by choosing to ferment the juice or must to a desired sugar concentration and then adding a sufficient amount of a distilled spirit to arrest the fermentation and raise the alcohol to a predetermined level. In order to carry this out, we have to know the amount of sugar left in the juice at anyone moment in time. In small wineries, a hydrom...

In the presented study, by using 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 gr sodium hexametaphospathe (NaPO3) suspensions were prepared for hydrometer tests. At the end of the tests, particle diameter of the soil were calculated for each hydrometer reading time (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 260 min.). By using ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Infirence System) a model was developed to predict of the part...

The present work presents an improved method to align the measurement scale mark in an immersion hydrometer calibration system of CENAM, the National Metrology Institute (NMI) of Mexico, The proposed method uses a vision system to align the scale mark of the hydrometer to the surface of the liquid where it is immersed by implementing image processing algorithms. This approach reduces the variab...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reliability and validity of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips in assessing urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers. DESIGN AND SETTING: We assessed the reliability of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips between 2 trials and among 4 testers. The validity of hydrometry and reagent strips was assessed by comparison with refractometry, the ...

OBJECTIVE To determine sensitivity and specificity of 4 methods to assess colostral IgG concentration in dairy cows and determine the optimal cutpoint for each method. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS 160 Holstein dairy cows. PROCEDURES 171 composite colostrum samples collected within 2 hours after parturition were used in the study. Test methods used to estimate colostral IgG concen...