statutory groups are one of the phenomenal effects on the spread of power in a society. realizing statutory groups has significant effects on macro policy and decision makings. the life style, patterns of consumption, ideology, ways of collecting members and the style of resistance of one statutory group against others can result in struggles and shifting power in a society. members of a statut...

BACKGROUND To assess the effects of a communication intervention designed to enhance Jordanian religious leaders' (RLs) communication about family health. METHODS Programmatic effects on RLs were evaluated with a panel study design; 245 male and 145 female RLs participated in both baseline and end-line surveys in 2011. To assess effects on mosque attendees, a nonequivalent, post-intervention ...

While victimhood has been studied from very different perspectives, the question how secular nation states have instrumentalised religion for politics of not studied. This paper addresses this gap in literature on by analysing empirical case Turkey. As is well known, constitutionally Turkish state, first under rule Kemalists and now Erdoganists, using Directorate Religious Affairs (Diyanet) to ...

It has been recognized since the earliest period of Islam the importance of mosque as a centre of Islamic educational institution. Attached to the mosque is a library of certain magnitude and importance. Most of these libraries are administered by mosque administrators, whose level of competencies in information and communication technology is assumed to be low. A study to assess the level of c...

Mosques, as symbol of Islamic architecture must play an important role in reflecting the superiority of Allah the Almighty. There are many ways in making it successful and one of them is through the high quality of aesthetic value. Aesthetic value in Islamic art and architecture is normally portrayed by the highest degree of motifs and ornamentation. Contemporary mosque designers normally focus...

Abstract Background The physiological phenomenon of variation in relation to the time interval between two consecutive heartbeats is described as heart rate variability (HRV). Any increase HRV associated with good fitness and health vice versa. aim this study find compare HRV, sympathetic parasympathetic nervous system dominance gym-goers, sedentary individuals. Methodology A cross-sectional wa...

Al Haram Al Shrif in Makkah is the holiest spot on the earth to Muslims. Every year about 14 million people are visiting the place from around the world, this number is increasing over the coming years. No author so far has been able to offer a fundamental study on its patterns, although there are many studies on Islamic patterns on other Islamic sites like Al Hambra and Al-Andolothia Mosque in...

Building life cycle will never be excused from the existence of defects and deterioration. They are common problems in building, existed in newly build or in aged building. Buildings constructed from wood are indeed affected by its agent and serious defects and damages can reduce values to a building. In repair works, it is important to identify the causes and repair techniques that best suites...

BACKGROUND The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids has increased among gym-goers, and it has been proposed that this may be part of a polysubstance use pattern that includes the use of illicit drugs. Still, epidemiological data on illicit drug use among gym-goers of both genders are meager. The aim of the present study was thus to examine the use of illicit drugs and its correlates in a large s...

To enrich our understanding of the attitudinal/motivational basis of foreign language learning at junior high school level, this study investigated the students’ status of L2 motivation, the relationship between motivational factors, and the possibility of predicting their motivated learning behavior in light of Dörnyei’s (2005, 2009) theory of L2 Motivational Self System. To this end, 1462 jun...