fibrosis is the pathological condition resulting in the growth of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or body system as a reparative or reactive process. in the field of clinical pathology, clinicians and medical scientists are endeavoring to translate experimental knowledge into effective, innovative treatments for a range of fibrotic conditions. the amelioration of whole organ functi...

background: little in known regarding the clinical relevance of sirt1 in multiple sclerosis (ms).   here, we aimed to evaluate mrna expression, protein level and enzyme activity of sirt1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) isolated from relapsing –remitting ms patients (rrms) and healthy controls. materials and methods: twenty patients with rr-ms and twenty two age- and sex-matched he...

adenomyosis is a widespread disease affecting the reproductive period of women’s life. in the last ten years, different pathogenetic hypotheses have been proposed to explain the initiation and development of the disease. this article aims to present and discuss the most important pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying adenomyosis development in order to clarify the relationship between adenomyo...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns) which causes demyelination of the nerve fibers. the etiology of this disease is not well understood but it is believed that t helpers play a central role in ms. numerous findings support the view that th17 cells play an essential role in pathogenesis of ms and il-17 secreting t (th17) cells have a role in infla...

osteoarthritis (oa) a common disease of aged population and one of the leading causes of disability. incidence of knee oa is rising by increasing average age of general population. age, weight, trauma to joint due to repetiting movements in particular squatting and kneeling are common risk factors of knee oa. several factors including cytokines, leptin, and mechanical forces are pathogenic fact...

mirs are 17-25 nucleotide non-coding rnas. these rnas target approximately 80% of protein coding mrnas. mirs control gene expression and altered expression of them affects the development of cancer. mirs can function as tumor suppressor via down-regulation of proto-oncogenes and may function as oncogenes by suppressing tumor suppressors. myeloproliferative neoplasias (formerly known as chronic ...

in the latest articles which were published during 2013-2014, trichomonas vaginalis ( t. vaginalis ) was mentioned as a neglected sexual transmission disease (std), while the exact mechanism of its pathogenesis has not been cleared yet. although trichomonasiasis is easy curable, there is concern that resistance to drug are increasing. this common infection as concerning the important public hea...

the role of helicobacter pylori in development of gastric cancer

the adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, have a prominent role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (cad). the inflammatory enzyme, myeloperoxidase (mpo) also has an important role in the pathogenesis of cad. association of the adipokines with mpo remains to be resolved in patients with cad. in this case-control study, 100 patients with cad and 100 control subjects were appropriately r...

background: fascioliasis is a chronic hepatic disease and may be resulted from mechani­cal/molecular parasite adhesion to host liver tissue. the aim of this study was to detect surface car­bohydrate and lectin, carbohydrate-binding protein isolation that might be responsible of this molecular binding. methods: the present experimental work was conducted in the department of medical parasitol­og...