most specialists in the field of foreign language teachingconsiderreading skill as an interactive process between the reader’s prior knowledge and the text.accordingly, the activation of prior knowledge for an effective comprehension is very important. it is generally agreed that the pre-reading phase is the stage where this type of interaction and activation may be enhanced throughcertain stra...

یکی از مهم ترین مشکلات سیستم های ofdm عدم توانایی این سیستم ها در حذف سیگنال تداخل در باند فرکانسی سیگنال مطلوب می باشد. برای حذف این تداخلات از روش های شکل دهی پرتو استفاده می شود. دو روش مرسوم شکل دهی پرتو، روش pre-fft (شکل دهی پرتو در حوزه زمان) و روش post-fft (شکل دهی پرتو در حوزه فرکانس) می باشند. برای به روزرسانی وزن ها در هر دو روش راه حل های مختلفی پیشنهاد شده است که می توان همه آن ها ر...

the primary goal of the current project was to examine the effect of three different treatments, namely, models with explicit instruction, models with implicit instruction, and models alone on differences between the three groups of subjects in the use of the elements of argument structures in terms of toulmins (2003) model (i.e., claim, data, counterargument claim, counterargument data, rebutt...

چکیده ندارد.

افزایش روزافزون تعداد کاربران شبکه اینترنت موجب افزایش ترافیک در این شبکه شده است. یکی از مواردی که می تواند علاوه بر شبکه های زمینی به انتقال اطلاعات بپردازد ماهواره ها هستند از این رو پای ماهواره ها هم به این عرضه باز شدهاست. نگهداری می کند تا در صورت درخواستهای آینده برای همان اطلاعات نیازی به بازیابی مجدد آ>ها از شبکه نبوده و بتوان آنها را مستقیما از حافظه بازیابی کرد. با توجه به حافظه محد...

to teach english adequately, qualified teachers are needed. unfortunately, there are still teachers who are teaching english without an academic degree in tefl. it is necessary for teachers to have a major in english to have subject knowledge, but it is not sufficient. teachers need to have an understanding of the social, cultural, moral, ethical, and pedagogical issues of education and practic...

the purpose of this study was to investigate how english language teachers in mashhad who teach students in the pre-university cycle perceived the impact of the efltee on their teaching. the target population was nearly all pre-university english language teachers in seven districts of mashhad in the scholastic year 2008/2009. a survey questionnaire which consisted of (36) likert type items, wa...

abstract the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of using model essays on the development of writing proficiency of iranian pre-intermediate efl learners. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 55 pre- intermediate learners of parsa language institute were chosen by means of administering proficiency test. based on the results of the pretest, two matched groups, one as the expe...

abstract this study evaluates the iranian pre-university english textbook in terms of needs, objectives, content, and methodology. the study was designed on the qualitative- quantitative survey basis using interviews and questionnaires, a researcher-made textbook evaluation checklist and a needs analysis questionnaire. the textbook evaluation questionnaire was used in this study to elicit the ...

abstract the present study deals with a comparison between reactive and pre-emptive focus-on-form in terms of application and efficiency. it was conducted in an intermediate english class in shahroud. 15 male learners participated in this research and their age ranged from 18 to 25. a course book, new interchange 3, and a complementary book were used. every session the learners gave lectures o...