اعمال فاکتور تاثیر غیرمستقیم مرتبط با ورودی‌ها و خروجی‌ها، در ارزیابی عملکرد واحدهای تصمیم‌گیرنده

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric method for estimation of production function. In DEA, each decision making unit (DMU) has a number of input and output and deals with performance evaluation of DMUs using frontier efficiency. Each one of the inputs and outputs plays a basic role in the performance evaluation of DMU which they can be named as direct impact factor. Inputs and outputs of the DMU have, also, an indirect impact on the performance evaluation of DMUs, which one of blind spots of DEA models is not in consideration of these factors which they can be known as indirect impact factor. Due to their essence and nature, indirect impact factors have influence on the efficiency negatively, and these factors cannot be taken into consideration as input or output or, controllable input or outputs. Recognition of indirect impact factors plays a remarkable role in the performance evaluation and ranking of DMUs. Therefore, some methods have been presented in this paper for performance evaluation and ranking of DMUs based on indirect impact factors.